《野性的呼唤》与杰克·伦敦的政治意识  

The Call of the Wild and Jack London's Political Consciousness

作　　者：杨丽 Yang Li

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学人文与外语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2024年第1期174-185,共12页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目“杰克·伦敦‘北疆’和‘南海’小说中的帝国话语及政治意识研究”(19BWW046)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦以动物为主人公的最著名的小说,描述了主人公巴克从文明走向荒野的故事。很多评论家把它当作“动物小说”来解读,但杰克·伦敦在其中所投射的政治意识鲜有人论述。文明和荒野不仅代表了主人公巴克生活空间的变化,也深刻反映了伦敦的政治意识。文明成为桎梏的代名词,而荒野成为他构建帝国想象的载体,成为美国帝国欲望的投射地。巴克的返祖折射了当时美国人的边疆焦虑,表达了他们对获得新边疆、恢复男性身份和活力的渴望;巴克对印第安人的屠杀是美国暴力史的文本阐释,映射了美国人对边疆的征服,强化了伦敦所信奉的种族优越论;巴克争夺领导权的过程则是伦敦帝国话语的表现,揭露了美国实现帝国霸图的野心。The Call of the Wild,with a dog named Buck as its protagonist,is one of the most famous novels written by Jack London.The novel portraits Buck's journey from the world of civilization to the wilderness.Many critics regard it as an animal story to analyze,but London's political consciousness projected in the novel is rarely mentioned.Civilization and wilderness not only refer to the different places that Buck lives but also manifest London's political consciousness.Civilization is the embodiment of shackles,while Wilderness becomes a carrier of London's imperial imagination and the project of American imperial desire.Buck's atavism reflects the American's frontier anxiety,expresses their desire to construct masculine identity and vitality;Buck's revenge on the Yeehats is the textual interpretation of the violence of United States history and their conquest of the frontier which strengthens London's racial superiority;Buck's struggle for leadership is London's imperial discourse and the embodiment of America''s imperial supremacy and ambition.

关 键 词：杰克·伦敦 《野性的呼唤》 政治意识 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]