勺轮式蚕豆排种器设计与排种性能研究  

Research on design and performance of spoon-wheel type broad bean seed metering device

作　　者：冯锐[1,2] 雷雪梅 李林鑫[1] 赖永江[1] 粟超 陶丹 Feng Rui;Lei Xuemei;Li Linxin;Lai Yongjiang;Su Chao;Tao Dan(Sichuan Chemical Vocational and Technical College,Luzhou,646300,China;Xihua University,Chengdu,610039,China;East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang,330013,China)

机构地区：[1]四川化工职业技术学院,四川泸州646300 [2]西华大学,成都市610039 [3]华东交通大学,南昌市330013

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第7期15-21,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20202BAB212007)。

摘　　要：为提升蚕豆机械化播种率,提出一种结构简单的勺轮式蚕豆排种器,分析不同排种转速与种子类型对排种性能的影响。首先,介绍勺轮式排种器结构与工作原理,统计分析蚕豆种子外形尺寸并划分为三类(小粒、中粒、大粒),设计蚕豆种子排种勺结构,理论分析排种器取种过程、清种过程与传种过程;然后,利用EDEM软件仿真排种器工作性能,建立排种器与三类蚕豆种子的仿真模型;最后,以合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数为排种性能评价标准,开展台架试验,验证勺轮式蚕豆排种器的可行性。结果表明:仿真环境下,排种器内蚕豆种子实际充种线的水平倾角与排种转速呈正相关。排种器适宜排种转速为10 r/min,中粒种子排种性能指标最优,其播种合格指数为90.3%,重播指数为6.9%,漏播指数为2.8%。当排种转速为10 r/min时,仿真试验的综合排种性能为:合格指数89.5%,重播指数6.25%,漏播指数4.25%;台架试验的综合排种性能为:合格指数89.2%、重播指数7.1%、漏播指数3.7%,与仿真试验结果基本一致,满足蚕豆播种要求,验证勺轮式蚕豆排种器的可行性。In order to improve the mechanized seeding rate of broad bean,a scoop-wheel type broad bean seed metering device with a simple structure was proposed,and the effects of different seeding speeds and types of seeds on the seeding performance were analyzed.Firstly,the structure and working principle of the scoop wheel seed metering device were introduced.The outline dimensions of broad bean seeds were statistically analyzed and divided into three types(small,medium and large seeds).The structure of broad bean seed metering scoop was designed.The seed picking process,seed clearing process and seed propagation process of the seed metering device were theoretically analyzed.Secondly,using EDEM software to simulate the working performance of the seed metering device,the simulation model of the seed metering device and three kinds of broad bean seeds was established.Finally,a bench test was carried out to verify the feasibility of the spoon-wheel type broad bean seed feeder with the qualification index,replay index and missing sowing index as the evaluation criteria.The results showed that the horizontal inclination of the actual filling line of broad bean seed was positively correlated with the rotation speed under the simulation environment.The optimum seeding speed was 10 r/min,and the seeding performance index of medium seed was the best.The seeding qualification index was 90.3%,the replay index was 6.9%,and the missing seeding index was 2.8%.When the seeding speed was 10 r/min,the comprehensive seeding performance of the simulation test was as follows:qualified index 89.5%,replay index 6.25%,miss seeding index 4.25%,and the comprehensive seeding performance of the bench test was as follows:The qualified index was 89.2%,the replay index was 7.1%,and the missed sowing index was 3.7%,which were basically consistent with the simulation results,meeting the requirements of broad bean seeding and verifying the feasibility of the spoon wheel type broad bean seeding device.

关 键 词：蚕豆 勺轮式排种器 EDEM仿真 排种性能 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]