拟南芥光敏色素B氨基酸位点突变对其结构与功能的影响  

Effect of Amino Acid Point Mutations on the Structure and Function of Phytochrome B in Arabidopsis thaliana

作　　者：陈艳晓 李亚萍 周晋军[3] 解丽霞 彭永彬 孙伟[2] 和亚男 蒋聪慧 王增兰[1] 郑崇珂 谢先芝[2] Yanxiao Chen;Yaping Li;Jinjun Zhou;Lixia Xie;Yongbin Peng;Wei Sun;Yanan He;Conghui Jiang;Zenglan Wang;Chongke Zheng;Xianzhi Xie(School of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China;Institute of Wetland Agriculture and Ecology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学生命科学学院,济南250014 [2]山东省农业科学院湿地农业与生态研究所,济南250100 [3]山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《植物学报》2024年第3期481-494,共14页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.32070216);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(No.CXGC2023A15)。

摘　　要：生物体为适应外界不断变化的光环境,进化出不同的光受体,其中光敏色素是一类经典的植物感受红光和远红光的受体蛋白,其通过暗适应的Pr状态和光激活的Pfr状态之间的光转换来检测红光和远红光。植物光敏色素具有1个保守的N端感光区域和1个C端调节区域,其中N端部分包括NTE、PAS、GAF和PHY亚结构域, C端部分包括2个PAS结构域和1个组氨酸激酶相关结构域(HKRD)。为深入了解光敏色素的结构及功能,已获得许多光敏色素功能缺失或氨基酸位点突变体,并对其进行功能研究,发现N端结构域在光敏色素的光谱特性、光信号感知和光信号转导等方面均具有重要作用;而C端结构域是光敏色素的二聚化与核定位所必需。该文综述了拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中光敏色素B (phyB)各亚结构域中氨基酸位点突变对其功能的影响,以期深入理解phyB的结构及功能,为未来通过基因编辑手段进行作物农艺性状的遗传改良奠定基础。Organisms have evolved different photoreceptors to adapt to the ever-changing conditions of the external light environment.Phytochromes(phys)are one of the classic plant photoreceptors,mainly perceiving red and far-red light.Phytochromes detect red and far-red light through the light conversion between the dark-adapted Pr state and the light-activated Pfr state.All plant phytochromes have a conserved N-terminal photoreceptor region and a C-terminal regulatory region.The N-terminal includes NTE,PAS,GAF,and PHY subdomains,while C-terminal includes two PAS domains and a histidine kinase-related domain(HKRD).In order to understand how the structure of photochromes controls its function,many function-deficient photochrome derivatives and amino acid point mutants have been obtained and studied.The N-terminal domain plays important roles in the spectral properties,light signal perception and light signal transduction of phyB.The C-terminal domain is essential for dimerization and nuclear localization of photochrome.This paper mainly reviews point mutations of amino acid in various subdomains of phyB in Arabidopsis thaliana and their effects on the function of phyB,in order to have a better understanding of the structure and functional regulation of phyB.It lays a foundation for obtaining crops with desired agronomic characteristics through gene editing.

关 键 词：光敏色素B 拟南芥 结构域 氨基酸位点突变 功能 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]