内爆载荷下民机用定向泄爆容器结构的动态响应  

Dynamic Response of Directional Blast Relief Container Structure for Civil Aircraft under Internal Explosive Loading

作　　者：左铭朔 徐豫新[1,2,3] 李永鹏 李旭东 郭德龙[1] 杨祥 ZUO Mingshuo;XU Yuxin;LI Yongpeng;LI Xudong;GUO Delong;YANG Xiang(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials of Ministry of Education,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center,Chongqing 401120,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;Shanghai Aircraft and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]高能量密度材料教育部重点实验室,北京100081 [3]北京理工大学重庆创新中心,重庆401120 [4]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051 [5]上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第7期2383-2392,共10页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：工信部科技三项之民机项目(KJKT 19-057)。

摘　　要：为保证民机航空安全、满足民机抗爆结构设计要求,研究不同当量TNT内爆冲击下民机用定向泄爆容器结构的动态响应。设计用于民机上爆炸物危险排除的定向泄爆容器,通过爆炸试验验证泄爆容器的可靠性,确定泄爆容器的爆炸物临界包容当量为42 g。进一步对该泄爆容器在不同当量内爆载荷下的动态响应进行数值仿真,分析塞块的运动过程以及内爆载荷对泄爆容器的作用机理。研究结果表明:剪切销在爆炸冲击波作用下剪切断裂,剪断过程中塞块发生振动,剪切销剪断后塞块持续加速,容器内最终产生约7.5 MPa的准静态压力,塞块冲破机身壁板后匀速飞出,容器泄压并自泄爆口向内形成约0.38~0.85 MPa的压强梯度;TNT当量对塞块飞行速度的影响明显,塞块飞行速度随当量的增加而提高,且提高率不断减小。所得研究结果可为民机防爆容器的设计以及应用提供支撑。The dynamic response of the directional blast relief container structure for civil aircraft under different TNT equivalent internal explosive impact is studied.A directional blast relief container for civil aircraft is designed to remove the explosive hazards in civil aircraft.Through the explosion test,the reliability of the blast relief container is verified,and the explosive critical inclusive equivalent of blast relief container is determined to be 42 g.The dynamic response of blast relief container under different equivalent internal explosive loads is numerically simulated,and the motion process of a stopper and the mechanism of action of internal explosive load on the blast relief container are analyzed.The results show that the shear pin is shearing broke under the action of the explosion shock wave,and the stopper vibrates in shearing process;after shear pin is sheared,the stopper continuously accelerates,and about 7.5 MPa quasi-static pressure is finally generated in the container.The stopper flys out at a uniform speed after it breaks through the fuselage bulkhead.The container relieves pressure,and a pressure gradient of about 0.38~0.85 MPa is formed inward from the explosion vent.The TNT equivalent has a significant effect on the stopper flight speed.The flight speed of stopper increases and the rate of increase decreases with the increase in TNT equivalent.The study provides support for the design and application of explosion-proof containers for civil aircrafts.

关 键 词：民机 定向泄爆 内爆载荷 容器动态响应 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]