退化雷竹新竹抽枝展叶的塑性变化特征  

Characteristics of Branching and Leave Spreading of Young Bamboos in Degenerated Forests of Phyllostachys violascens ‘Prevernalis’

作　　者：汪舍平 李余新 何玉友[3] 陈双林[3] 郭子武[3] 徐森 董亚文 WANG She-ping;LI Yu-xin;HE Yu-you;CHEN Shuang-lin;GUO Zi-wu;XU Sen;DONG Ya-wen(Changshan Forestry Technology Popularization Station,Quzhou 324200,Zhejiang,China;Changshan County Tianma Street Office,Quzhou 324200,Zhejiang,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]常山县林业技术推广站,浙江衢州324200 [2]常山县天马街道办事处,浙江衢州324200 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《竹子学报》2024年第2期30-37,共8页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：浙江省省本级林业科技推广项目(2022B03);“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0600903);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2017C02016)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究退化雷竹(Phyllostachys violascens‘Prevernalis’)林新竹抽枝展叶特性,揭示新竹枝—叶间的权衡关系及其环境适应对策,可为退化竹林科学经营提供参考。【方法】以退化和正常生长的雷竹新竹为研究对象,采集新竹上、中和下部枝盘,测量每枝盘主枝和侧枝的枝长、基径、枝叶生物量及叶片数量、单叶面积、比叶面积等参数,并对枝、叶塑性进行方差分析和异速生长分析。【结果】与正常生长的雷竹相比,退化雷竹新竹叶长、叶宽、叶厚、单叶面积及单叶干重显著减小,枝、叶鲜重和干重、总叶面积、叶面积密度降幅达1/3以上,但出叶强度和比枝长显著增大;枝长、枝幅、枝纤细率及比叶面积、叶片数量、叶枝生物量比、叶面积比、叶数量密度等性状对竹林退化的响应不显著。雷竹新竹单叶干重与单叶面积以及枝干重与叶干重、叶面积之间均呈正相关关系,但异速生长指数受竹林退化影响而减小。【结论】竹林退化严重影响雷竹新竹枝、叶的形态建成和抽枝展叶能力。退化雷竹新竹在资源利用上更趋向于数量生长,枝条展叶效率降低,体现出对环境压力的适应性反应。【Objective】To explore the characteristics of branching and leaf spreading of forests of young Phyllostachys violascens‘Prevernalis’,our study aims to reveal the trade-off relationship between the branches and leaves and the countermeasures to adapt to the environment,which can provide a reference for the scientific management of degraded bamboo forests.【Method】With the bamboo forests of degraded and normal growth as the contrast,the upper,middle,and lower branches and leaves from young bamboos were collected.The branch length,base diameter,biomass of branches and leaves,leaf number,single leaf area,and specific leaf area of each branch were measured,and variance and allometric growth were analyzed.【Result】Compared with normal forests,the leaf length,leaf width,leaf thickness,single leaf area,and single leaf dry weight in degraded bamboo forests decreased significantly,and fresh and dry weight of branches and leaves,total leaf area,and leaf area density decreased by more than 1/3,but leafing intensity and specific branch length increased significantly.There were no significant responses to the degraded bamboo forests in branch length,branch width,branch wiseness ratio,specific leaf area,leaf number,leaf and branch biomass ratio,leaf area ratio,and leaf number density.There was a positive correlation between leaf dry weight and single leaf area,stem dry weight and leaf dry weight and leaf area,but the allometric growth index decreased under the influence of bamboo forest degradation.【Conclusion】The degradation of bamboo forests seriously affects the morphogenesis of new bamboo branches and leaves and the ability of branching and leave spreading.Upon the degraded stands,the young bamboos tend to quantity growth of branches and leaves,leaf spreading efficiency of young bamboo branches decreases,which demonstrate the adaptive responses to environmental stressors.

关 键 词：雷竹 抽枝展叶 异速生长 权衡关系 环境适应对策 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]