棉籽油性状全基因组关联分析研究进展  

Progress in Genome-wide Association Analysis of Cottonseed Oil Traits

作　　者：刘文豪 余渝[1] 吴珂 刘丽[1] 李航 孔宪辉[1] LIU Wen-hao;YU Yu;WU Ke(Cotton Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science/Northwest Inland Region Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所/农业农村部西北内陆区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第13期11-14,18,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2022A27);新疆生产建设兵团第三师重大科技计划(KY2022ZD02);国家重点研发计划子课题(2022YFD1200305-3)。

摘　　要：棉籽油味道柔和,色泽金黄,在各种食品中起着至关重要的作用。此外,棉籽油因其独特的脂肪酸特性、抗炎和心脏保护特性而备受关注。因此,了解调控棉籽贮藏油生物合成的遗传机制,开展关键基因挖掘,选育高油优质棉花品种具有重要意义。随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学分析工具的快速发展,全基因组测序变得更加简单高效,使得全基因组关联分析技术(GWAS)成为了研究复杂性状的一种核心工具。介绍了GWAS的原理及研究优势,论述GWAS在不同油料作物及棉花性状研究中的应用进展。并对今后棉籽油相关性状的遗传研究提出了一些建议,对存在的问题进行探讨及展望,旨在为今后利用GWAS进行棉籽油性状遗传基础的研究及分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。Cottonseed oil,soft in taste and golden in color,plays a crucial role in various foods.In addition,cottonseed oil has attracted much attention due to its unique fatty acid properties,anti-inflammatory and heart protective properties.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand the genetic mechanism that regulates the biosynthesis of cottonseed storage oil,carry out key gene mining,and select high-quality cotton varieties with high oil content.With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis tools,whole genome sequencing has become simpler and more efficient,genome-wide association analysis(GWAS) has become a key tool for studying complex traits.This paper introduces the principle and research advantages of GWAS,discusses the progress of its application in the research of different oil crops and cotton characters.Some suggestions for future genetic studies of cottonseed oil related traits were put forward.The existing problems were discussed and prospected in order to provide a theoretical basis for future studies on the genetic basis of cottonseed oil traits and marker-assisted breeding by GWAS.

关 键 词：棉籽油 GWAS 复杂性状 基因 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]