18份甜瓜资源农艺性状调查  

Investigation on Agronomic Characters of 18 Melon Germplasms Resources

作　　者：张贞伟 王小云[1,2,3] 李浩 欧阳顺琦 努尔加玛丽罕·阿卜杜海外尔 梁郸娜 ZHANG Zhen-wei;WANG Xiao-yun;LI Hao(Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in South Xinjiang,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Key Laboratory of Southern Xinjiang Facility Agriculture Corps,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]南疆设施农业兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第13期37-41,50,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：塔里木大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(校级)“50份甜瓜资源熟性及其产量相关性状的评价与鉴定”(2022068);塔里木大学校长基金(博士)人才项目“新疆甜瓜种质资源评价及优良种质筛选”(TDZKBS202106)。

摘　　要：以18份甜瓜资源为试验材料,采用随机区组的试验设计方法,对18份甜瓜资源物候期、叶、蔓、花、产量等农艺性状进行调查分析,研究不同甜瓜资源各农艺性状的多样性,并进行聚类分析,为选育适宜设施栽培且具有优良农艺性状的甜瓜新品种奠定材料基础。结果表明,甜瓜资源物候期变异系数为5.24%~15.43%;叶农艺性状变异系数为9.86%~21.06%;蔓农艺性状变异系数为9.56%~17.47%;花农艺性状变异系数为13.12%~27.17%;产量变异系数为65.42%~66.75%。聚类分析结果表明,18份甜瓜资源物候期聚类可分为5类,其中第Ⅰ类资源雌花花期最长,全生育期最短,第Ⅴ类资源全生育期最长;18份甜瓜资源叶和蔓农艺性状聚类可分为3类,其中第二类植株粗壮、分枝旺盛;18份甜瓜资源花农艺性状和产量聚类可将甜瓜资源分为4类,其中第二类坐果能力弱;第四类产量高,平均单果重为2.58 kg。在选育适宜设施栽培且早熟的甜瓜新品种时,可优先选用3号、7号、8号资源作为亲本材料,在选育适宜设施栽培且晚熟、高产的甜瓜新品种时,可优先选用10号资源作为亲本材料。In this study,18 melon resources were used as the experimental materials,and the randomized block design was adopted.Agronomic characters such as phenology,leaf,vine,flower and yield of 18 muskmelon resources were investigated and analyzed.The diversity of agronomic characters was studied and cluster analysis was carried out.The results showed that the phenological variation coefficient ranged from 5.24%to 15.43%,the variation coefficient of leaf agronomic characters ranged from 9.86%to 21.06%,the variation coefficient of vine agronomic characters ranged from 9.56%to17.47%,the variation coefficient of flower agronomic characters ranged from 13.12%to 27.17%and the yield variation coefficient ranged from 65.42%to 66.75%in these melon resources.The results of the cluster analysis showed that the 18 melon resources could be divided into five categories by phenological phase clustering,of which the first category resources had the longest female flowering period and the shortest growth period,the fifth category resources had the longest growth period.18 melon resources could be divided into three categories by clustering the leaf and vine agronomic characters,of which the second category were robust and had strong branches.The flowering agronomic characters and yield clustering showed that the 18 melon resources could be divided into four categories,of which the second category was weak in fruit setting ability and the fourth type had high yield with an average fruit weight of 2.58 kg.Resources No.3,No.7 and No.8 could be preferred as parent materials when new varieties of melon that were suitable for facility cultivation and early maturing were breeded.And when new varieties of melon that were suitable for facility cultivation,late maturing and high yield were breeded,No.10 resources could be preferred as parent materials.

关 键 词：甜瓜 农艺性状调查 物候期 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]