基于营造尺复原的土家族土司建筑断代与营造系统类型探索  

Exploring the Chronology and Architectural System Variants of Ethnic Tu Headman’s Architecture through Building Dimension Reconstruction

作　　者：乔迅翔[1] QIAO Xunxiang

机构地区：[1]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2024年第2期110-121,共12页Journal of Architectural History

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“南方土司建筑研究”(52078295)。

摘　　要：土家族土司建筑采取既非官式、也非民居的地方做法,对于历史文献不足、建筑型制系统暂未明晰的地方建筑来说,断代面临难题。通过营造尺复原,建立营造尺序列,据此推断相关建筑年代,探讨土家族土司建筑年代一种判定方法的应用。针对本地区不同营造尺并行现象,提出在官式与民居建筑之外存在另一类地方高级建筑,或可称之为“地方官式建筑”,分属不同营造系统。这一探索有助于深化地域建筑断代研究、厘清我国传统建筑营造体系类型。The headman’s architecture of the ethnic Tu minority presents a unique local approach that does not fit into the categories of official or residential structures.However,due to limited historical documentation and unclear architectural systems in local buildings,determining their ages poses a considerable challenge.This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a periodization method specifically tailored for the headman’s architecture in the ethnic Tu minority.Through the reconstruction of building dimensions and the establishment of a dimensional sequence,this method allows for the inference of relevant building ages.Moreover,in response to the phenomenon of varying construction dimensions within this region,the paper introduces the concept of“local official buildings”as another type of high-level architecture distinct from official and residential structures.These buildings represent a different construction system altogether.This study contributes significantly to the advancement of research on regional architecture dating to promote clarifying the diverse types of traditional Chinese architectural construction systems.

关 键 词：营造尺复原 土家族土司建筑 断代 地方官式建筑 营造系统 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论]