VLBI观测对转发式测距GEO卫星定轨精度的贡献分析  

Analysis of contribution of orbit determination precision of GEO satellite using transfer ranging added VLBI

作　　者：南凯 曹芬[1,2,3] 雷辉[1,2,3] 李西顺 刘佳[1,2,3] 马浪明 杨旭海 NAN Kai;CAO Fen;LEI Hui;LI Xi-shun;LIU Jia;MA Lang-ming;YANG Xu-hai(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,School of Astronomy and Space,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学天文与空间学院,北京100049 [3]时间基准及应用重点实验室(中国科学院),西安710600

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2024年第2期127-138,共12页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12073034,12273047);中国科学院前瞻战略科技先导专项(XDA0350305)。

摘　　要：联合甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)时延数据与转发式(orbit determination by transfer tracking,ODTT)测距数据能够有效提高地球静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit,GEO)卫星定轨精度。参照位置精度衰减因子(position dilution of precision,PDOP)的改变,研究不同VLBI基线时延数据与转发式测距数据的联合对GEO卫星定轨精度的改善,可为特定条件下联合观测时VLBI基线的最优选择提供参考。基于中国科学院国家授时中心宽带VLBI系统和转发式测轨系统的实测数据,开展中星12号GEO卫星的定轨试验。试验结果表明定轨精度的提高与PDOP的降低成正相关。相比于转发式单独定轨,联合VLBI系统中的喀什—三亚基线,PDOP降低了3.00,定轨精度提高了11.48%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—喀什基线,PDOP降低了3.38,定轨精度提高了14.73%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚基线,PDOP降低了6.90,定轨精度提高了19.75%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚和吉林—喀什两条基线,PDOP降低了9.94,定轨精度提高了27.23%。Combining ranging data of orbit determination by transfer tracking(ODTT)with baseline delay data of very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)can effectively improve the orbit accuracy of Earth orbit(GEO)satellite.We investigate the relations between the change of position dilution of precision(PDOP)and the orbit determination accuracy with real observational experiments by using different VLBI baseline combinations,which are useful for the optimal selection of VLBI baseline in joint observation under some specific conditions.The experiments of orbit determination were carried out by observing ZX#12 GEO satellite with both the broadband VLBI system and the ODTT system of the National Time Service Center(NTSC),Chinese Academy of Sciences.The results indeed show that the improvement of orbit determination precision is related to the reduction of PDOP.Compared with only using the data of ODTT,PDOP is reduced by 3.00 and the precision of orbit determination is improved by 11.48%by adding the Kashi-Sanya baseline delay data;PDOP is reduced by 3.38 and the precision of orbit determination is improved by 14.73%by adding the Jilin-Kashi baseline and ODTT;PDOP is reduced by 6.90 and the precision of orbit determination is improved by 19.75%by adding the Jilin-Sanya baseline delay data;PDOP is reduced by 9.94 and the precision of orbit determination is improved by 27.23%when adding Jilin-Sanya and Jilin-Kashi baseline delay data.

关 键 词：甚长基线干涉测量 转发式 地球静止轨道 测定轨 位置精度衰减因子 

分 类 号：P228.6[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] V556[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]