重叠血迹沉积顺序的形态特征分析  

Morphological characteristics analysis for deposition sequencing of overlapping bloodstain patterns

作　　者：钱尊磊 张林迪 邬孟奇 王昊宇 刘兆[1] 贾振军[1] Qian Zunlei;Zhang Lindi;Wu Mengqi;Wang Haoyu;Liu Zhao;Jia Zhenjun(School of Investigation,People's Public Security University of China,Bejing 100038,China;Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Bejing 100038,China;Laboratory of Material Evidence Identification,Xiangfu District Public Security Bureau,Kaifeng Henan,475100,China;Criminal Investigation Department,Beijing Public Security Bureau,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038 [2]刑事科学技术北京市重点实验室,北京100038 [3]开封市祥符区公安局物证鉴定室,河南开封475100 [4]北京市公安局刑事侦查总队,北京100054

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2024年第3期299-303,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：中国人民公安大学刑事科学技术双一流创新科研专项(2023SYL06)。

摘　　要：目的 探究重叠血迹的形态特征,判断血迹的沉积顺序。方法 在瓷砖客体上模拟滴落状血迹与血鞋印形成的重叠血迹,分析6组重叠血迹的形态特征差异并筛选有效的指示性特征,统计受试者在经过形态特征指导前后对血迹沉积顺序判断的正确率。结果 受试者掌握重叠血迹的形态特征后,对沉积顺序判断的正确率由59.5%提升至89.0%,对初始血迹干湿情况判断的正确率由45.6%提升至65.3%。结论 基于重叠血迹的形态特征不仅可以有效判断血迹的沉积顺序,还可以判断初始血迹的干湿情况,从而推断血迹沉积的时间间隔,为犯罪现场的分析与重建提供技术支撑。Objective To explore the morphological characteristics of overlapping bloodstains and judge the deposition sequence of bloodstain patterns.Methods The overlapping bloodstains formed by drip stains and bloody shoe prints were simulated on ceramic tiles,and the morphological characteristic differences of 6 group overlapping bloodstain patterns were analyzed to screen effective indicative characteristics.A survey was held to measure the accuracy of the participants in judging the blood deposition sequence without and with information about the morphological characteristic guidance.Results After participants mastered morphological characteristics,the accuracy of judging deposition sequence increased from 59.5 % to 89.0 %,and the accuracy of judging dry and wet conditions of the primary bloodstains increased from 45.6 % to 65.3 %.Conclusion According to the morphological characteristics of bloodstains,not only the deposition sequence of bloodstains can be effectively judged,but also the dry and wet conditions of bloodstains can be judged,so as to infer the time interval of bloodstains deposition,which can provide technical support for the analysis and reconstruction of crime scene.

关 键 词：法医物证学 重叠血迹 形态特征 沉积顺序 

分 类 号：D919.2[医药卫生—法医学]