微反应技术在含能材料制备中的应用研究  

Application Study of Micro-reaction Technology in the Preparation of Energetic Materials

作　　者：蒋致远 侯静 詹乐武 李斌栋[1] JIANG Zhi-yuan;HOU Jing;ZHAN Le-wu;LI Bin-dong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2024年第6期485-497,I0002,共14页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.21875109)。

摘　　要：介绍了硝基芳烃、硝酸酯、硝胺及其他类含能材料的微反应合成,对现有的单质含能材料的微反应合成工艺进行分类叙述,点明了微反应技术可以显著提高产物收率和选择性、减少反应时间以及增加传质和传热效率等优势,并对微反应合成中的堵塞等焦点问题进行了分析;同时阐述了微反应技术在微纳米含能材料制备及复合含能材料制备中的应用,突出了微反应技术在含能材料粒径、形貌调控及连续化制备等方面的优势,并对现有的技术难点进行了总结,对未来的研究方向进行了展望。指出将微反应技术与数值模拟相结合进行反应及传热结构优化设计、探索反应机理,是微反应技术在含能材料制备领域的重要研究方向。附参考文献80篇。The micro-reaction technology for the preparation of nitroaromatics,nitrate esters,nitroamines,and other energetic materials are overviewed.The existing preparation processes for these energetic materials by using micro-reaction technology are classified and described.The micro-reaction technology has the advantages of enhancing product yield and selectivity,improving mass and heat transfer efficiency,and reducing reaction time.The issues such as blockages in micro-reaction synthesis are also analyzed.Furthermore,this review explores the application of micro-reaction technology in the preparation of micro and nano energetic materials and composite energetic materials.The benefits of micro-reaction technology in controlling particle size and morphology and continuous preparation of energetic materials are emphasized.By summarizing the existing technical difficulties,it is pointed out that the combination of micro-reaction technology with numerical simulation,the optimal design of reaction and heat transfer structures,and the exploration of reaction mechanisms are the important research fields for the application of micro-reaction technology in the preparation of energetic materials.80 References are attached.

关 键 词：应用化学 微反应技术 连续合成 含能材料 微纳米化 复合含能材料 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O69[理学—化学]