拉萨河流域不同生态系统类型土壤微生物群落结构特征  

Soil microbial community structure in different ecosystem types of the Lhasa River Basin

作　　者：张晓黎 孙向阳 安宝晟[2,3,5] 李素艳 李久乐 王传飞[2,5] 高小源 ZHANG Xiaoli;SUN Xiangyang;AN Baosheng;LI Suyan;LI Jiule;WANG Chuanfei;GAO Xiaoyuan(The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,School of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Department of Ecology and Environment,Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China;Lhasa Earth System Multi-Dimension Observatory Network(LEMON),Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [3]西藏大学生态环境学院,拉萨850000 [4]西藏自治区生态环境厅,拉萨850000 [5]拉萨河流域生态环境保护修复治理地球系统科考平台,拉萨850000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第6期1728-1737,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42271312);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202301ZY0022G)资助。

摘　　要：拉萨河流域是西藏农业资源最集中、环境承载压力最大的地区。区域土壤微生物群落结构和数量变化能够反映气候变化和人类活动影响下的土壤生态及环境脆弱特征。本研究利用高通量测序方法,对拉萨河流域天然灌木林、稀疏灌木林、人工灌木林、人工乔木林、天然草地等5种生态系统的土壤微生物群落结构及其环境影响因子进行了分析。结果表明:(1)人工灌木林土壤细菌多样性和真菌多样性均最高。(2)5种生态系统土壤细菌均以变形菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门为优势菌群,真菌以子囊菌门、担子菌门、壶菌门及虫霉门为优势菌。(3)在浅层土壤中,天然草地和人工乔木林的细菌群落聚类相似,在深层土壤中,天然灌木林、稀疏灌木林、人工灌木林的细菌群落聚类相似。除天然灌木林外,其余4种生态系统的真菌群落在浅层和深层土壤中均呈现分离趋势。(4)土壤含水率、电导率和速效钾对细菌群落结构影响显著,而真菌群落结构主要受土壤含水率、总氮、有效磷和速效钾含量影响。以上研究结果揭示了拉萨河流域不同生态系统土壤微生物群落结构特征。The Lhasa River Basin is known for its richness in agricultural resources,which are facing the most significant environmental pressure in Tibet.Changes in the structure and composition of soil microbial communities in the region can provide insights into soil ecology and environmental vulnerability under the influence of climate change and human activities.We analyzed soil microbial community structure and the environmental influencing factors in five ecosystems,including natural shrubland,sparse shrubland,artificial shrubland,artificial forest,and natural grassland,using high-throughput sequencing method.The results showed that:(1)Soil bacterial diversity and fungal diversity were highest in the artificial shrubland.(2)Soil bacteria in all the five ecosystems were dominated by Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,and Acidobacteriota,while fungi were dominated by Ascomycetes,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota,and Calcarisporiellomycota.(3)In the shallow layer,soil bacterial community clusters were similar in natural grassland and artificial forest.In the deep layer,soil bacterial community clusters were similar in natural shrubland,sparse shrubland,and artificial shrubland.Except for natural shrubland,fungal communities in all the ecosystems exhibited a trend of separation in both shallow and deep layers.(4)The structure of bacterial communities was significantly influenced by soil water content,electrical conductivity and available potassium,while the structure of fungal communities was mainly affected by soil water content,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium.These findings characterized the soil microbial community structure of different ecosystem types in the Lhasa River Basin.

关 键 词：拉萨河流域 生态系统类型 微生物群落特征 高通量测序 环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]