高海拔地区自然莼菜叶经济性状对水环境的响应  

Response of leaf economic traits of natural Brasenia schreberi to water environment in high altitude area

作　　者：陈弘毅 孙梅[1,2] 刘振亚[1,2] 杨航美 CHEN Hongyi;SUN Mei;LIU Zhenya;YANG Hangmei(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation,Restoration and Ecological Services,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;National Plateau Wetlands Research Center,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学,国家高原湿地研究中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第6期1763-1771,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：云南省科技厅农业联合专项面上项目(202101BD070001-099);国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31760115);云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室(培育)开放基金(202105AG070002)资助。

摘　　要：探究自然莼菜对水环境的响应策略,可以为科学保护莼菜自然群落提供理论依据。本研究以滇西腾冲北海湿地的自然莼菜群落为对象,根据莼菜的生长态势及北海湿地的水环境状况,选择17个采样点,测定莼菜的叶经济性状以及采样点的水环境因子,检测莼菜叶经济性状与水环境参数间的关系,探讨高海拔地区自然莼菜对水环境的响应策略。结果表明:与100%盖度相比,盖度为60%~70%的莼菜具有更大的叶片面积以及更低的氮、磷、铁和锌质量分数(P<0.05)。水体溶解氧含量、氮体积分数、磷体积分数、铵态氮体积分数以及水温是影响莼菜叶经济性状的主要水环境因子。光合速率与水体溶解氧含量、铵态氮含量以及硝态氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。叶片厚度与生化需氧量呈显著正相关;叶片面积与水体溶解氧含量、铵态氮含量及水温呈显著正相关,而与生化需氧量、化学需氧量以及高锰酸钾指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。莼菜叶片氮质量分数与水体的氮体积分数及水体的铵态氮体积分数呈显著正相关(P<0.05);叶片磷质量分数与水体氮体积分数呈显著正相关,而与水体溶解氧含量、水温呈显著负相关(P<0.05);叶片氮磷比与水体溶解氧含量及铵态氮含量呈显著正相关,而与化学需氧量及高锰酸钾指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。其余的莼菜元素质量分数,包括钾、镁、硅、钙、铁、锌,主要与水体的溶解氧含量、水温及水体的氮、磷等营养条件相关。本研究结果为莼菜自然群落的保护提供了科学依据。Exploring the response strategies of natural Brasenia schreberi to water environment can provide a theoretical basis for the scientific protection of natural populations.The relationships between leaf economic traits of B.schreberi and water environmental factors were detected in natural B.schreberi community in 17 sites from Beihai wetland in Tengchong,Western Yunnan Province.We measured functional traits and environmental factors of the sampling sites,and analyzed the response strategies of natural B.schreberi in high altitude area to water environment.The results showed that,compared to that under 100%coverage,B.schreberi with a coverage of 60%-70%had larger leaf area,and lower mass fractions of nitrogen,phosphorus,iron,and zinc(P<0.05).Water dissolved oxygen content,volume fractions of nitrogen,phosphorus,and ammonium nitrogen,and water temperature were the main factors affecting leaf economic traits of B.schreberi.Photosynthetic rate was significantly positively correlated with water dissolved oxygen content and the volume fractions of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen(P<0.05).Leaf thickness was significantly positively correlated with biochemical oxygen demand.Leaf area was significantly positively correlated with water dissolved oxygen content,volume fraction of ammonium nitrogen,and water temperature,and negatively correlated with water biochemical oxygen demand,chemical oxygen demand,and potassium permanganate index(P<0.05).Leaf mass fraction of nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with water volume fractions of nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen(P<0.05).Leaf mass fraction of phosphorus was also significantly positively correlated with water volume fraction of nitrogen,while it was significantly negatively correlated with water dissolved oxygen content and water temperature(P<0.05).Leaf nitrogen to phosphorus ratio was significantly positively correlated with dissolved oxygen content and volume fraction of ammonium nitrogen,but negatively correlated with chemical oxygen demand and potassium

关 键 词：浮叶植物 高原湿地 叶经济性状 微环境 生态响应 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]