基于开放三维生态足迹的中国黑土区耕地可持续利用分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of sustainable utilization of cultivated land in China’s black soil region based on open three-dimensional ecological footprint

作　　者：郑皓洋 黄颖利[1] ZHENG Haoyang;HUANG Yingli(School of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《资源科学》2024年第5期1018-1031,共14页Resources Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目子课题(2022YFF1300503-06)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在对黑土区耕地可持续利用进行分析与评价,探讨耕地自然资本使用情况,为推动黑土区耕地资源合理利用提供政策建议。[方法]本文基于2009-2016年中国黑土区耕地利用过程中的作物产量和人口经济等数据,通过构建“开放”三维生态足迹模型以及综合可持续利用指数来对耕地可持续利用进行分析。[结果](1)从调整后的生态足迹来看,在2009-2016年黑土区人均耕地资源有0.084 hm^(2)由外地居民占用,本地居民占用0.208 hm^(2)。(2)从自然资本流量角度来看,黑土区全域耕地自然资本流量的人均占用量在0.199 hm^(2)左右,最高值为2016年的0.200 hm^(2);从自然资本存量角度来看,2009-2016年黑土区耕地足迹深度先增长至1.114后波动下降至1.071。(3)黑土区耕地可持续利用综合指数基本在0.55上下浮动;分省份来看,除辽宁外,其他省份均处在0.45~0.56之间。[结论]黑土区承载了部分耕地转移压力,其自然资本经历了存量保持、存量消耗和存量恢复的三阶段演进路径,黑土区及各省份的耕地可持续利用程度不高,还有很大的政策提升空间。本文可为黑土区耕地资源后续可持续利用提供依据及政策启示。[Objective]The purpose of this study was to analyse and evaluate the sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region of China,explore the use of natural capital of cultivated land,and provide policy recommendations for promoting the rational utilization of cultivated land resources in the region.[Methods]Based on the crop yield,population,and economic data of China’s black soil region from 2009 to 2016,this study analyzes the sustainable use of cultivated land by constructing an“open”three-dimensional ecological footprint model and a comprehensive sustainable utilization index.[Results](1)Based on the ecological footprint after adjustment,between 2009 and 2016,0.084 hm^(2) per capita of cultivated land resources in the black soil region were occupied by non-local residents,and 0.208 hm^(2) were occupied by local residents.(2)From the perspective of natural capital flow,per capita occupation of the natural capital flow of the entire cultivated land area in the black soil region was about 0.199 hm^(2),with the highest value of 0.200 hm^(2) in 2016;from the perspective of natural capital stock,between 2009 and 2016,the footprint depth first increased to 1.114 and then fluctuated to 1.071.(3)The comprehensive index of sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region basically fluctuated around 0.55;except for Liaoning Province,the index values for all other provinces were between 0.45-0.56.[Conclusion]This study showed that the black soil region bears part of the pressure of cultivated land transfer,experiencing a three-stage evolution path of stock maintenance,stock consumption and stock recovery.Meanwhile,the degree of sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region and provinces is not high,and there is still much room for policy improvement.This study can provide some theoretical basis and policy insights for the subsequent sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources in the black soil region.

关 键 词：黑土区 耕地可持续利用 生态足迹 自然资本 生态承载力 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]