我国政策性农业信贷担保体系运行效率评价——基于三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数模型  

Evaluation of the Operational Efficiency of China's Policy-Based Agricultural Credit Guarantee System——Based on the Three-stage DEA-Malmquist Index Model

作　　者：赵全厚 梁洪波 Zhao Quanhou;Liang Hongbo(Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]中国财政科学研究院,北京100142

出　　处：《金融发展研究》2024年第6期39-48,共10页Journal Of Financial Development Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“地方政府隐性债务化解手段效果评估及管理创新研究”(20BGL061);山东省金融应用重点研究项目“政策性农业融资担保支持乡村振兴的效果评价体系研究”(2021-JRZZ-29)。

摘　　要：为加快构建财政金融协同支农机制,有效缓解农业融资难、融资贵问题,2015年以来我国通过财政资本金注入方式支持33个省(自治区、直辖市、计划单列市)建立省级农业信贷担保机构,推动形成覆盖全国的政策性农业信贷担保体系。本文运用三阶段DEA模型和Malmquist指数分析法,分别从静态和动态两个层面测度2019—2022年我国政策性农业信贷担保体系运行效率。结果表明:(1)随机误差因素与外部环境因素的影响会导致体系运行效率值偏低,其中农林牧渔业总产值的增加和财政农林水事务支出的降低对体系运行效率有促进作用。(2)调整后体系综合技术效率较高,但只有两省处于效率前沿面上,有15省低于体系均值0.902,最低的湖南省效率值只有0.65。(3)从全要素生产率指数来看,体系效率先升后降,技术和创新成为影响体系运行效率的主要因素。因此,推动区域协调发展、创新运作模式、防控业务风险是提高体系运行效率的重要途径。In order to accelerate the construction of a financial and fiscal mechanism to support agriculture,and to effectively alleviate the problem of difficult and expensive agricultural financing,since 2015 China has supported 33 provinces(autonomous region,municipality directly under the Central Government,city separately planned)in the establishment of provincial-level agricultural credit guarantee institutions through the injection of financial capital,and promoted the formation of a nationwide policy-based agricultural credit guarantee system.This paper applies the threestage DEA model and Malmquist index analysis to measure the operational efficiency of China's policy-based agricultural credit guarantee system from 2019 to 2022 at the static and dynamic levels,respectively.The results show that:(1)the influence of random error factors and external environmental factors will lead to the low value of the system's operational efficiency,in which the increase of the total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery and the decrease of the financial expenditure on agriculture,forestry and water affairs will have a contributing effect on the system's operational efficiency;(2)the comprehensive technical efficiency of the adjusted system is high,but only two provinces are on the efficiency frontier,15 provinces are lower than the system average value of 0.902,and the lowest efficiency value of Hunan Province is only 0.65;(3)from the point of view of the total factor productivity index,the efficiency of the system firstly rises and then declines,and technology and innovation have become the main factors affecting the operational efficiency of the system.Therefore,promoting the coordinated development of the region,innovating the mode of operation,and preventing and controlling business risks are important ways to improve the operational efficiency of the system.

关 键 词：政策性农业信贷担保 三阶段DEA模型 MALMQUIST指数 效率 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学]