粉尘作业人员DR高千伏胸片表现和肺功能检查结果分析  

Analysis of DR high-kilovolt chest radiographic performance and pulmonary function findings in dust-exposed workers

作　　者：曹九虎 李倩[2] 李贵平[1] 马耀兴 CAO Jiuhu;LI Qian;LI Guiping;MA Yaoxing(Imaging Center,the First People's Hospital of Baiyin,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,China;Department of Occupational Disease,the First People's Hospital of Baiyin,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]白银市第一人民医院影像中心,甘肃白银730900 [2]白银市第一人民医院职业病科,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《医药前沿》2024年第19期16-20,共5页Journal of Frontiers of Medicine

摘　　要：目的:分析粉尘作业人员数字化X线摄影(DR)高千伏胸片表现和肺功能变化,探讨两者对粉尘作业人员的健康监护作用。方法:收集白银市某矿山2021年1—12月在白银市第一人民医院进行年度职业健康体检的400名员工为研究对象。按照是否从事接尘作业分为接尘组和对照组各200名。所有研究对象均行DR高千伏胸片和肺功能检查,对检查结果进行分析比较。结果:接尘组DR高千伏胸片异常率(66.0%)高于对照组(34.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接尘组肺功能指标用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)、肺活量25%时流速(FEF25)、肺活量50%时流速(FEF50)与肺活量75%时流速(FEF75)等指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接尘组不同工龄组间DR高千伏胸片和肺功能差异显著,工龄>30年与工龄≤10年及工龄11~20年接尘人员DR高千伏胸片、肺功能比较,工龄21~30年与工龄≤10年人员DR高千伏胸片和肺功能比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。粉尘作业人员随着年龄的增长和工龄的延长,DR高千伏胸片病变检出率呈上升趋势,肺功能指标FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75呈下降趋势。结论:粉尘作业人员的DR高千伏胸片表现和肺功能变化相比未接触粉尘者,主要与工龄有关。DR高千伏胸片表现可以提供直接证据,而肺功能检查则能发现早期异常。两者联合检查有助于粉尘作业人员的健康监护和评估,从而更好地保障其职业健康权益。Objective To analyze the digital radiograph(DR)high-kilovolt chest radiographs and pulmonary function changes in dust-exposed workers and to explore their roles in health monitoring for these workers.Methods A collection of 400 workers from a mining site in Baiyin City who underwent annual occupational health examinations at the First People's Hospital of Baiyin from January to December 2021 was conducted.The workers were divided into two groups 200 in the dust-exposed group and 200 in the control group.All subjects underwent DR high-kilovolt chest radiography and pulmonary function tests,and the results were analyzed and compared.Results The abnormal rate of DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs in the dust-exposed group(66.0%)was higher than that in the control group(34.5%),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Pulmonary function indicators,including forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),FEV1/FVC ratio,forced expiratory flow at 25%of the pulmonary volume(FEF25),FEF50 and FEF75,were lower in the dust-exposed group compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were significant differences in DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs and pulmonary function among different seniority groups in the dust-exposed group.Comparisons between workers with seniority>30 years and those with≤10 years and 11-20 years,and between those with 21-30 years and≤10 years,all showed significant differences in DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs and pulmonary function(P<0.05).With the increase in age and seniority,the detection rate of lesions on DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs increased,while pulmonary function indicators FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,FEF25,FEF50 and FEF75 showed a declining trend.Conclusions The DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs and pulmonary function changes in dust-exposed workers are mainly related to their seniority.DR high-kilovolt chest radiographs can provide direct evidence,while pulmonary function tests can detect early abnormali

关 键 词：粉尘作业人员 DR高千伏胸片 肺功能 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]