金融监管管辖权冲突问题初探:基础问题与国际实践  

A Preliminary Study on the Conflicts of Jurisdiction in Financial Supervision

作　　者：刘子平 LIU Ziping

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《金融监管研究》2024年第6期22-39,共18页Financial Regulation Research

基　　金：北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心重点项目“人类命运共同体理念下的全球金融治理变化趋势及应对研究(21LLFXB090)”的研究成果。

摘　　要：金融业涵盖多个交易结构迥异的子部门,金融监管的政策目标亦随金融监管理念的发展不断扩充,使得各国金融领域均存在多个相互独立、宽严不一的法律监管框架,从而导致不同法律框架所授权的监管主体之间极易产生监管管辖权的积极与消极冲突。由于监管分类的模糊性无法消除,金融创新加速涌现,以及市场主体监管套利与监管主体监管竞争的冲动难以杜绝,不同金融监管主体之间的监管管辖权冲突几乎无法避免。实践中,各国发展出了事前优化金融监管管辖权边界立法、事中完善协调与裁决机制、事后提供行政与司法救济渠道等一系列缓解措施。鉴此,我国未来亦可通过以功能监管为导向推进金融法修订,以兜底机制为抓手完善协调与仲裁机制,并探索提供必要的事后救济机制,以尽可能地降低金融监管管辖权冲突所带来的负面影响。The financial industry covers a number of sub-sectors with different transaction structures,and the policy objectives of financial supervision are constantly expanded.As a result,there are multiple independent legal regulatory frameworks with different leniency and severity in the financial field of various countries,which makes it easy for regulatory bodies authorized by different legal frameworks to have positive or negative conflicts of regulatory jurisdiction.As the ambiguity of regulatory classification cannot be eliminated,financial innovation accelerates,and the impulse of regulatory arbitrage and regulatory competition is difficult to eliminate,the regulatory jurisdiction conflicts of different financial regulators are almost unavoidable.In practice,supervisors or different countries have developed a series of countermeasures,including optimizing the jurisdiction boundary legislation of financial supervision in advance,improving the coordination and adjudication mechanism during the event,and providing administrative and judicial relief channels afterwards.In view of this,China can also promote the revision of the financial law through functional supervision,improve the coordination and arbitration mechanism with the backstop mechanism as the starting point,and explore the necessary post-relief mechanism,to prevent and resolve the negative impact brought by the conflict of financial supervision jurisdiction.

关 键 词：兜底监管 功能监管 目标监管 统一监管 管辖权冲突 

分 类 号：D922[政治法律—法学] F83[经济管理—金融学]