林业产业强国:国际比较与中国启示  

Forestry industry powerhouses:International comparison and China’s inspiration

作　　者：万深玮 赵海兰 柯水发[1] WAN Shenwei;ZHAO Hailan;KE Shuifa(School of Agriculture and Rural Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Development Research Center of the NationalForestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872 [2]国家林业和草原局发展研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第8期1-16,共16页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家林业和草原局发展研究中心委托研究项目(2023K20209)。

摘　　要：为探究和比较世界各国林业产业建设状况并促进中国林业产业强国的进一步建设,利用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)数据库中2001-2020年林业进出口值排名前50的国家或经济体的相关数据,构建了林业产业竞争力绩效评价体系,采用熵权法对各指标进行赋权、测算出各个国家的综合指数并进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)21世纪初期,中国虽跻身林业产业强国,但呈现“大而不精”的特征,随后中国通过实施诸多林业产业发展政策促使了林业产业的转型升级,凭借自身林业大国国际影响力的优势持续稳定在林业产业强国前5名;(2)林业产业强国与准林业产业强国排名的稳定性一般,各维度发展不平衡不充分;(3)中国林业产业强国发展的障碍维度是林业资源竞争力维度,优势维度是林业全球化影响竞争力维度。基于国际比较,分别从中国定位、国别比较与优劣维度3个方面提出中国启示,以顺应新林业国际化进程。In order to explore and compare the status of forestry industry construction in countries around the world and to promote the further construction of strong forestry industry in China,a performance evaluation system was developed to assess forestry sector competitiveness.Utilizing data from the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations database,covering the top 50 countries or economies in forestry import and export values from 2001 to 2020,this study employed entropy weighting to assign weights to indicators and calculate the composite index for comparative analysis.The entropy weight method was utilized to allocate weights to indicators and measure the comprehensive index of each country for comparative analysis.The results indicate that:(1)At the beginning of the 21st century,China ranked among the leading nations in the forestry industry but displayed characteristics of being“big but not fine”.Subsequently,China implemented forestry industry development policies to stabilize its position within the top five nations in the forestry industry by leveraging China’s international forestry influence.(2)While the ranking of industry powerhouses and quasi-forestry industry powerhouses remain generally stable,the development across all dimensions is marked as uneven and insufficient.(3)The obstacle dimension hindering China’s forestry industry powerhouse development is forestry resource competitiveness,while the advantage dimension lies in the impact of forestry globalization competitiveness.Aiming to align with the internationalization process of the emerging forestry industry,based on the international comparisons,China’s inspiration is put forwarded from three perspectives of China’s position,country comparisons and dimensions of advantages and disadvantages.

关 键 词：林业产业 中国 绿色转型 竞争力绩效 生态产品价值实现 

分 类 号：F33[经济管理—产业经济]