新疆北疆食葵田害虫及捕食性天敌的种群动态与群落结构  

Population dynamics and community structure of pests and predators in edible sunflowers in northern Xinjiang

作　　者：康淑媛 刘冰[2,3] 王振辉 路伟 陆宴辉[2,3] Kang Shuyuan;Liu Bing;Wang Zhenhui;Lu Wei;Lu Yanhui(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Xinjiang Urumqi 830052,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室,北京100193 [3]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2024年第5期36-40,52,共6页China Plant Protection

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程。

摘　　要：食葵是新疆北疆地区重要经济作物,常遭受多种害虫为害。通过2022年和2023年田间系统调查,明确了北疆食葵田主要害虫及其捕食性天敌的发生动态和群落结构。食葵田以蓟马、棉铃虫等害虫发生较重,高峰期集中在7月中下旬以后即向日葵盛花时期;瓢虫、蜘蛛为主要捕食性天敌类群。晚播田主要害虫及其捕食性天敌数量均高于早播田,但两类田块中,仅捕食性天敌均匀度指数有显著差异,害虫与天敌群落其他多样性指数并无显著差异。本研究为向日葵害虫预测预报与综合防治提供了参考。Edible su nflower is an economically significant crop,widely cultivated in northern Xinjiang,which is often suffered from a variety of pests.In 2022 and 2023,field investigations were condcucted to examine the occurrence dynamics and community structure of major pests and predatory natural enemies in edible sunflower fields in northern Xinjiang.The main pests were thrips and Helicoverpa armigera are,with the peak period mainly occurring after mid-July when sunflowers were in full bloom.The ladybirds and spiders were the main predators.The population density of major pests and predators in late sowing fields was found to be higher than that in early sowing fields.Furthermore,the evenness index of predators was found to be significantly different between the two types of fields.However,no significant difference was observed in other diversity indexes of pests or predators.This study provides a reference for the prediction and comprehensive control of sunflower pests.

关 键 词：向日葵 害虫 天敌 种群动态 群落结构 

分 类 号：S435.655[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]