二酐结构对苯乙炔基封端聚酰亚胺性能的影响  

Effect of dianhydride structure on the properties of phenylacetylene terminated polyimide

作　　者：姚逸伦 张朋 包建文 杨涛 YAO Yi-lun;ZHANG Peng;BAO Jian-wen;YANG Tao(AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,AVIC Composite Technology Center,Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院、航空工业复合材料技术中心、先进复合材料重点实验室,北京101300

出　　处：《热固性树脂》2024年第3期26-31,共6页Thermosetting Resin

摘　　要：分别采用2,3,3′,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(α-BPDA)、六氟二酐(6FDA)、4,4′-氧双邻苯二甲酸酐(ODPA)、3,3′,4,4′-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐(BTDA)四种二酐单体,与二胺单体及苯乙炔基封端剂合成不同分子结构的热固性聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)。采用FTIR、XRD、流变、DMA、TGA等表征分析方法研究了不同二酐结构对热固性聚酰亚胺理化性能的影响及其机理。结果表明,二酐结构对聚酰亚胺树脂玻璃化转变温度及热氧化稳定性影响明显,分子链刚性、稳定性较好的α-BPDA及BTDA合成的PI具有较高的玻璃化转变温度与热分解温度,醚键结构有利于降低树脂粘度。基于非对称扭曲联苯结构的α-BPDA合成的PI最低熔体粘度为0.81 Pa·s,Tg为322℃,5%热分解温度(空气)为534℃,兼具较好的工艺性能和耐热性能。The thermosetting polyimide resins(PI)with different molecular structures were synthesized by four monomers of 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylicdianhydride(α-BPDA),hexafluorodianhydride(6FDA),4,4′-oxydiphthalicanhydride(ODPA),3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylicdianhydride(BTDA)along with diamine monomers and phenylacetylene based end capping agents.By means of FTIR,XRD,DMA,rheology,TGA test,the effects of different dianhydride structures on physical and chemical properties of thermosetting polyimides were studied.The results indicated that the structure of dianhydride had a significant effect on the glass transition temperature and thermal oxidation stability of polyimide resin.The PI synthesized byα-BPDA and BTDA with rigid molecular chain and good stability had higher glass transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature.The ether bond structure was beneficial to reduce the viscosity of the resin.The PI synthesized byα-BPDA with asymmetric twisted biphenyl structure had good process performance and heat resistance,the minimum melt viscosity,glass transition temperature and 5%thermal decomposition temperature(in air)was 0.81 Pa·s,322℃,and 534℃,respectively.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 二酐 热固性 粘度 玻璃化转变温度 热氧化稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]