退化喀斯特森林自然恢复中不同生活史阶段木本植物物种多样性与群落构建  

Species diversity and community assembly of woody plants at different life history stages during the natural restoration of degraded karst forests

作　　者：赵勇强 阎玺羽 谢加琪 侯梦婷 陈丹梅 臧丽鹏 刘庆福 隋明浈 张广奇 Yongqiang Zhao;Xiyu Yan;Jiaqi Xie;Mengting Hou;Danmei Chen;Lipeng Zang;Qingfu Liu;Mingzhen Sui;Guangqi Zhang(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025;Forest Ecology Research Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025;Guizhou Libo Observation and Research Station for Karst Forest Ecosystem,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Libo,Guizhou 558400)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学森林生态研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]国家林业和草原局贵州荔波喀斯特森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,贵州荔波558400

出　　处：《生物多样性》2024年第5期68-79,共12页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32360278;32360380);贵州大学人才引进项目(贵大人基合字(2017)40号);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2874;黔科合支撑[2023]一般111);贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y124;黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般094;黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般036;黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般079)。

摘　　要：正确认识自然恢复过程中的生物多样性格局及群落构建变化规律是区域生态恢复及生物多样性保育的前提和基础。目前,关于生物多样性格局及群落构建机制的研究多基于地带性植被类型开展,而针对喀斯特森林这类特殊植被的研究涉及很少,这极大地限制了区域生态恢复及森林经营。本文以茂兰国家级自然保护区的退化喀斯特森林为研究对象,通过建立不同自然恢复阶段固定样地,对比分析不同自然恢复阶段幼苗、幼树和成树的物种多样性和物种组成差异,探索退化喀斯特森林自然恢复中物种多样性变化趋势与群落构建机制。结果表明,退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中,物种多样性呈现先上升后稳定的趋势;幼苗的物种丰富度逐渐降低,而成树的物种丰富度逐渐增加;自然恢复早期的幼苗、幼树和成树物种组成逐渐趋同于老龄林成树,表明该区域退化森林的自然恢复具有一定方向性。本研究结果表明喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中的物种组成变化一定程度上受确定性过程影响,为人工促进森林恢复提供一定理论参考,同时对喀斯特森林经营与管理具有重要意义。Aim:Understanding the variations in biodiversity patterns and underlying rules of community assembly during natural restoration is the foundation of regional ecological restoration and conservation.However,most studies have focused on zonal vegetation,while azonal vegetation(e.g.karst forest)has been neglected,which severely limits regional ecological restoration and forest management.Method:We established plots in the natural restoration areas of degraded karst forests within the Maolan National Nature Reserve.We compared the species diversity,species composition,and community assemble of woody plants across stages of life history and natural restoration.Results:The findings showed an initial increase and then stabilization trend in species diversity in the natural restoration areas of degraded karst forests.Furthermore,the species richness of seedlings gradually decreased,while richness of adult trees increased.The species composition of seedlings,saplings,and adult trees in early succession stages gradually converged to that of the old-growth forest stage.Conclusion:The natural restoration process of degraded karst forests exhibit a specific trend in species composition.These findings will provide valuable insights into the mechanisms governing species diversity maintenance and community assembly in degraded forest ecosystems.

关 键 词：物种组成 物种多样性 喀斯特 生活史 自然恢复 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]