光量子态的空域调控(特邀)  

Spatial Control of Photonic Quantum States(Invited)

作　　者：刘志峰 黄双印 陈超 任志成 汪喜林 王慧田 Liu Zhifeng;Huang Shuangyin;Chen Chao;Ren Zhicheng;Wang Xilin;Wang Huitian(National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures,School of Physics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学固体微结构物理国家重点实验室,南京大学物理学院,江苏南京210093 [2]人工微结构科学与技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第10期151-170,共20页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11922406);国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0308700,2020YFA0309500);广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B0303010001)。

摘　　要：从单光子的线性空域调控出发,依次阐述单光子空域编码与转换、双光子纠缠态的制备与测量、多光子的高维空域纠缠态的制备及其在量子信息中的应用。主要围绕多自由度操控和高维量子信息转换,从制备、编码、测量和应用等方面概述空域光量子态的研究进展。同时探讨了一些关键问题的可能解决方案。Significance Photons have several important degrees-of-freedom available for control belonging to the spatial domain,such as the path and orbital angular momentum(OAM)degrees-of-freedom.These available multiple spatial degrees-of-freedom and the high dimensionality of each degree-of-freedom provide for us diverse spatial methods,which can achieve spatial control of photonic quantum states in multiple degrees-of-freedom,high dimensionality,and multi-photons.Specifically,the preparation of spatially entangled photon states and their applications in optical quantum information have attracted extensive attention.Both path and OAM degrees-of-freedom can theoretically construct infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces.Therefore,path and OAM degrees-of-freedom have inherent advantages in realizing the field of high-dimensional coding,which has attracted more extensive attention from researchers.The high-dimensional coding and high-dimensional entanglement of the path and OAM degrees-of-freedom themselves continue to break records.The multi-degree-of-freedom entangled photonic modulation schemes in which two or more degrees-of-freedom are jointly involved have likewise made progress.It is important to summarize the existing research on spatial control of photonic quantum state to promote the future development of the field.Progress The encoding of quantum information in single photons has evolved from a single degree-of-freedom to multiple degrees-of-freedom encoded together.On-demand conversion of quantum information among different degree-of-freedom through linear optical elements and such active modulation has built a series of quantum optical platforms such as weak measurements and quantum walks.Two-photon entangled states also emerge from the two-dimensional space of a single degree-of-freedom and are realized in multi-degree-of-freedom and high-dimensional systems.For two-photon spatial-domain entanglement,the original polarization-entangled photons are converted into OAM-entangled photons by SLM.Different polarizations

关 键 词：量子光学 量子信息 量子纠缠 高维量子纠缠 多自由度纠缠 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]