基于超表面的超短脉冲时空调控(特邀)  

Spatio-Temporal Control of Ultra-Fast Pulses Using Metasurfaces(Invited)

作　　者：陈璐 何明杰 吴强[1,2] 许京军 Chen Lu;He Mingjie;Wu Qiang;Xu Jingjun(School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;TEDA Institute of Applied Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学物理科学学院,天津300071 [2]南开大学泰达应用物理研究院,天津300457

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第10期187-201,共15页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12304362);国际科技合作基地及111引智基地(B23045);中央高校基本科研业务费(010-63233004)。

摘　　要：光学超表面作为一种二维人工纳米材料,以其在亚波长尺度上对于光场的多维调控能力,以及易加工、可集成、高损伤阈值等优势,在超短脉冲调控领域展现出了巨大的应用潜力。综述了基于超表面的超短脉冲时域调控和时空域调控最新研究进展,重点介绍了利用傅里叶合成实现按需定制超短脉冲四维时空形貌的调控技术,并对基于超表面的光场时空调控技术的发展进行了展望。Significance Ultrashort pulses lay the foundation of ultra-fast optics.The ability to control all the fundamental degrees of freedom of ultrashort pulses in both space and time domains has the potential to unlock a manifold of exotic light-matter interactions,unveil new physics,and enable new applications.The unique characteristics of ultrashort pulses,including short pulse duration,wide spectral bandwidth,and high peak power,make spatio-temporal ultrashort pulse tailoring face quite challenging.As ultra-thin planar optical elements composed of an array of deep sub-wavelength nanostructures,metasurfaces enable multifunctional optical field control at the nanoscale.This controllability,combined with merits including easy fabrication,integrability,and high damage threshold,makes metasurfaces ideal candidates in sculpting ultra-fast optical fields.We review the latest developments in metasurface-enabled spatio-temporal control of ultrashort pulses,especially by leveraging the Fourier synthesis approach to achieve complete four-dimensional pulse shaping in space and time.Then,brief discussions are carried out on free-space spatio-temporal pulse shaping via metasurfaces.Progress Ultrashort pulse shaping is usually realized by employing the Fourier synthesis approach,where a grating and lens pair disperse and then focus different wavelength components of the pulse at the Fourier plane to spatially separate different wavelengths.A modulator,which traditionally can be a liquid-crystal-based spatial light modulator,a digital micromirror device or an acousto-optic modulator,is placed at the Fourier plane to provide the pulse-shaping masking function.Recently,finely tailored ultrashort pulse shaping operations have been realized by adopting an ingeniously designed single-layer dielectric metasurface as the modulator.Temporal phase modulation,independent temporal phase and amplitude modulation,and temporal polarization modulation of the ultrashort pulses are theoretically and experimentally demonstrated.We discuss metasurfac

关 键 词：光场调控 脉冲整形 超表面 时空调控 傅里叶合成 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]