跨地方民族演艺者的社会接触与角色变迁——以佤族艺人为例  

Social Contact and the Changing Roles of Translocal Ethnic Entertainers in China:A Case Study of Wa Entertainers

作　　者：杨茜好 保继刚[2,3] YANG Xihao;BAO Jigang(College of Economics and Management,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519000,China;Center for Tourism Planning and Research,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学经济管理学院,云南昆明650224 [2]中山大学旅游学院,广东珠海519000 [3]中山大学旅游发展与规划研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2024年第6期32-44,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“少数民族旅游演艺从业者地方-跨地方生计空间建构——以云南佤族与傣族为例”(42201262);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目“旅游可持续发展与生计-能源-粮食-水的关联研究:过程、机制与多尺度效应”(41920104002)共同资助。

摘　　要：旅游演艺在特定时空条件下加剧多元主客文化交往和跨文化互动。我国民族演艺人才逐渐成为旅游劳工移民、少数民族多元社会角色交织的跨地方旅游演艺从业者,其多重的社会接触将有助于阐释旅游情境中的关系复杂性,进一步跳出传统在地性民族旅游演艺研究的范畴。文章选取佤族艺人为案例,以质性研究方法深入探讨旅游情境下跨地方民族演艺者的社会接触特点及其角色变迁。研究发现:跨地方民族演艺者进入旅游情境中,经历了文化交往向职业交往导向叠加的社会接触,加快推进了现代角色多元化进程;同时,旅游情境构建了一个多重社会接触空间,为他们角色管理适应整体社会结构变化提供了缓冲,彰显出从业者主体性视角下旅游情境的社会结构特征。该研究从旅游从业者的视角,为民族文化繁荣如何赋能新时代旅游高质量发展提供有益见解。In the context of tourism,the performing arts can help promote cultural exchanges and crosscultural interactions between hosts and guests.In China,entertainers from ethnic minority backgrounds have gradually migrated from their homeplaces to tourism destinations to engage in performances for tourists.These translocal tourism entertainers play a variety of social roles,as their identities as entertainers are intertwined with their statuses as migrant laborers and members of ethnic minority groups.By examining the various types of social contact in which these tourism entertainers engage,this study investigates the complexity of relationships in the tourism context and thus attempts to go beyond the traditional scope of research on the performing arts in the context of local ethnic tourism.We selected tourism entertainers from the Wa ethnic minority group as the subject for a case study and investigated them using qualitative research methods.The study offers an in-depth discussion of the characteristics of cross-cultural social contact and the changing role of translocal performing arts groups in tourism.One of the findings of the study is that when translocal ethnic entertainers engage with the tourism context,the type of social contact in which they engage changes over time from purely culture-oriented contact to more career-oriented contact.This process helps tourism entertainers integrate into modern society,as they move from mainly playing the role of ethnic entertainer toward playing a greater variety of roles in society.At the same time,the tourism context gives rise to a multi-social contact zone that provides a buffer for these individuals'role management,allowing them to adapt to changes in the overall social structure.Meanwhile,the study highlights the characteristics of the social structure of the tourism context from the perspective of the entertainers'subjectivity.This study provides insights that will be useful to tourism practitioners regarding how China's rich cultural diversity promotes the high-

关 键 词：社会接触 角色变迁 主客关系 跨地方民族演艺者 佤族艺人 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]