稀释培养基结合添加诺氟沙星挖掘塔克拉玛干沙漠微生物资源  

Diluted media supplemented with norfloxacin for mining of the microbial resources in the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：文凤 刘淑芳 吴佳敏 吴思源 扎米拉·吐尔江 李丽霞 罗晓霞[1] 夏占峰[1] WEN Feng;LIU Shufang;WU Jiamin;WU Siyuan;Zhamila·Tuerjiang;LI Lixia;LUO Xiaoxia;XIA Zhanfeng(Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,College of Life Sciences and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院、新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2024年第6期2110-2126,共17页Microbiology China

基　　金：兵团财政科技计划(2021BC009);微生物代谢国家重点实验室开放课题(MMLKF22-01);塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202202);塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKSS202236)。

摘　　要：【背景】塔克拉玛干沙漠属于典型高温干旱极端环境,该地区的微生物经过长期的环境适应,物种分布极具地域特色。【目的】获得塔克拉玛干沙漠极端环境可培养微生物资源,并探索不同稀释浓度培养基结合添加诺氟沙星对塔克拉玛干沙漠微生物分离培养的影响。【方法】采用不同稀释浓度的高氏一号培养基、LB培养基和R2A培养基,添加诺氟沙星终浓度为0.015μg/mL,分离培养塔克拉玛干沙漠微生物并对分离株进行药敏试验。【结果】共分离鉴定246株菌,分属于4个门6个纲21个目29个科58个属221个种。优势菌门为Firmicutes、Actinobacteria;优势菌纲为Bacilli、Actinomycetia;优势菌目为Bacillales、Streptomycetales;优势菌科为Bacillaceae、Streptomycetaceae;优势菌属为Streptomyces、Bacillus和Nocardiopsis。其中有80株菌最大相似度低于98.65%为疑似潜在新物种,2株菌最大相似度低于95.00%为疑似潜在新属。对分离获得的221个菌株进行了药敏试验,43株菌对诺氟沙星表现出抗药性,其中Streptomyces占主导;25株菌对诺氟沙星表现出中等耐药性。【结论】不同稀释浓度培养基结合添加诺氟沙星有利于塔克拉玛干沙漠极端环境微生物的分离培养,经分离培养获得了大量的极端环境微生物菌种资源,发现了大量微生物新物种及耐药性菌株,为后续挖掘耐药性菌株和探索极端环境微生物资源提供了研究基础。[Background]The microorganisms in the Taklimakan Desert as a typical extreme habitat with high temperatures and drought demonstrate distinct regional characteristics after undergoing long-term adaptation to the environment.[Objective]To obtain culturable microbial resources in the extreme environment of the Taklimakan Desert and to explore the effects of different diluted media supplemented with norfloxacin on the isolation of microorganisms in this area.[Methods]Different dilutions of Gauze’s medium No.1,LB medium,and R2A medium were supplemented with norfloxacin at a final concentration of 0.015µg/mL for the isolation of microorganisms from the Taklimakan Desert.[Results]A total of 246 strains were isolated and identified,which belonged to 221 species,58 genera,29 families,21 orders,6 classes of 4 phyla.Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla,Bacilli and Actinomycetia the dominant classes,Bacillales and Streptomycetales the dominant orders,Bacillaceae and Streptomycetaceae the dominant families,and Streptomyces,Bacillus,and Nocardiopsis the dominant genera.Eighty strains with the maximum similarity lower than 98.65%were classified as potential new species,and 2 strains with the maximum similarity lower than 95.00%were classified as potential new genera.A total of 221 isolated strains were tested for drug sensitivity,among which 43 strains represented by Streptomyces showed resistance to norfloxacin.Twenty-five isolates showed moderate resistance to norfloxacin.[Conclusion]Different dilutions of media supplemented with norfloxacin are beneficial for the isolation of microorganisms in the extreme environment of the Taklimakan Desert.With this method,rich microbial resources were isolated,including a number of new species and drug-resistant strains.The findings provide a basis for the subsequent mining of drug-resistant strains and exploring microbial resources in extreme environments.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠微生物 稀释培养基 诺氟沙星 药敏试验 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]