利用EMS诱变技术创制弱感光水稻种质资源  

New Rice Germplasm with Weak Photosensitivity Created by EMS Mutagenesis

作　　者：康勋杰 刘士尧 冀占东 KANG Xunjie;LIU Shiyao;JI Zhandong(Sanya Research Institute of Southern Propagation,Hainan University/Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学三亚南繁研究院/海南省崖州湾种子实验室,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第3期48-54,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金面上项目(321MS0819);三亚崖州湾科技城管理局2020年度科研项目(SKJC-2020-02-006)。

摘　　要：感光性是决定水稻抽穗期的重要因素之一,将强感光性的水稻品种改良为弱感光性,有助于提高其生态适应性。利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)水溶液诱变强感光水稻品种KDML105,成功获得可稳定遗传的弱感光突变体株系K1,进一步比较突变体株系K1与hd1敲除突变体K-H、hd1和dth8双敲突变体K-D/H的感光特性。结果表明,长日照条件下,K1、K-H和K-D/H突变体株系的播始历期都比野生型KDML105短,而短日照条件下则相反。突变体株系K1的生育期稳定在110~125 d,且其他农艺性状与稻米品质并未受到影响。初步证明了EMS诱变技术在改良水稻感光性上的可行性,对丰富水稻遗传资源和加快育种进程具有重要意义。Photosensitivity is one of the important factors to determine the heading time of rice.Improving the photosensitivity of rice varieties from strong to weak can help enhance their adaptability to different ecological conditions.The strongly photosensitive rice variety KDML105 was treated with ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)solution to induce mutations and a genetically stable and weakly photosensitive mutant line K1 was obtained.The photosensitivity of K1 was further compared with those of the hd1 knock-out line K-H and the hd1 and dth8 double knock-out line K-D/H.The results showed that under long daylength conditions,the lines of K1,K-H and K-D/H had a shorter period from sowing to heading compared with the wild type KDML105,but the opposite was true under short daylength conditions.The growth period of mutant K1 was stable at 110~125 days,and its other agronomic traits and grain quality traits were not affected.The feasibility of EMS mutagenesis technology in improving rice photosensitivity was preliminarily proved,which is of great significance in enriching rice genetic resources and speeding up the breeding process.

关 键 词：水稻 EMS诱变 感光性 突变体 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311