高功率微波管电子收集极瞬态温度变化特性研究  

Study on Instantaneous Temperature Change Characteristics of High-power Microwave Tube Collectors

作　　者：潘瑶 巩萌萌 刘欣 PAN Yao;GONG Meng-meng;LIU Xin(Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《真空电子技术》2024年第3期57-62,共6页Vacuum Electronics

摘　　要：面对微波管脉冲功率和平均功率均不断提升和小型化发展的需求,用于接受电子束的收集极将面临更严酷的散热挑战。为研究收集极受到电子脉冲轰击后,收集极内热量传递的瞬时特性,对收集极受到高频瞬时脉冲热流加载后的温度分布随时间的变化情况进行了仿真分析。分析对比了脉冲热流加载和时均化热流加载下收集极的温度变化情况,以及采用不同材料、不同结构参数和不同散热条件对收集极温度分布的影响;提出了快速判断收集极设计是否合理,运行过程中收集极是否会超温的经验公式,能够有效指导收集极材料的筛选、结构的设计和散热方式的选取。With the increasing pulse power,average power and the miniaturization demand of microwave tube,the collector for receiving electron beams is facing more severe heat dissipation challenge.In order to study the transient characteristics of the heat transfer in the collector after being bombarded by electron pulses,simulation analysis on the temperature distribution over time of the collector after being loaded with high-frequency instantaneous pulse heat flux is conducted.The temperature changes of the collector under pulsed heat flow loading and time-averaged heat flow loading are analyzed and compared,and the effects of different materials,structural parameters and heat dissipation conditions on the collector temperature distribution are analyzed.An empirical formula is proposed to quickly determine whether the design of the collector is reasonable and whether the collector will overheat during operation,which can effectively guide the selection of collector material,structure design,and heat dissipation method.

关 键 词：微波管收集极 瞬时特性 温度变化 经验公式 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]