侧壁涂料对公路隧道光环境与人眼视觉特性影响试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Impact of Side Wall Coating on Luminous Environment of Highway Tunnel and Visual Characteristics of Human Eyes

作　　者：冯守中 周龙 冒卫星 李洁 高巍 FENG Shouzhong;ZHOU Long;MAO Weixing;LI Jie;GAO Wei(Zhongyi New Material Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chuzhou 239500;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094;Anhui Guangyi Scientific Research Testing Co.,Ltd.,Chuzhou 239000)

机构地区：[1]安徽中益新材料科技股份有限公司,滁州239500 [2]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094 [3]安徽广益科研检测有限责任公司,滁州239000

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2024年第3期220-227,共8页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：山西省交通科研课题项目(2019-JKKJ-59);河北省交通科研课题项目(TH-201909)。

摘　　要：公路隧道照明设计的重点聚焦在隧道内路面亮度的设置,对于隧道侧壁亮度只是简单要求不低于路面亮度的60%即可。作为隧道内光环境的重要组成部分,侧壁对隧道内光环境及路面照明质量的影响一直未引起重视。因此,对隧道侧壁涂刷蓄能发光、白色与灰色涂料时,在LED灯具照射下隧道内的光环境及人眼视觉特性开展试验研究。研究结果表明,在相同LED灯具光源照射下,涂装不同类型涂料的侧壁亮度不同,反射率为0.91的蓄能发光涂料与反射率为0.97的白色涂料壁面相较于反射率为0.37的灰色涂料壁面亮度增大,隧道侧壁与路面的亮度比可达1.24~1.35。隧道侧壁亮度提升后,隧道内路面亮度与人眼对路面上障碍物的可视距离会随之增大。当隧道内的路面亮度基本一致、侧壁亮度不同时,相较于灰色涂料侧壁隧道,蓄能发光涂料侧壁和白色涂料侧壁隧道内,照明灯具的功率可分别降低14.6%和9.8%;同时,人眼对隧道内路面上障碍物的可视距离基本相同,行车时司驾人员瞳孔直径变化规律基本相同,并无不适反应。在隧道照明设计中,可通过采用蓄能发光涂料或高反射率的涂料装饰侧壁并降低照明灯具功率来实现公路隧道的照明节能。The priority in lighting design of highway tunnel is the pavement brightness in the tunnel,while the tunnel side wall brightness is usually designed to be no more than 60%of the pavement brightness.Side wall is an important part of the luminous environment in tunnel,but its impact on the luminous environment in tunnel and the pavement lighting quality has not drawn much attention.Therefore this paper expounds an experimental study on the luminous environment in a tunnel that is illuminated by LED lights,and on the visual characteristics of human eyes,where the side wall of the tunnel is painted with energy-accumulating luminescent and white or grey coatings.As the study results indicate:With illumination by the same LED light,different types of coatings will bring different brightness levels of side wall.The wall surfaces painted with the energy-accumulating luminescent coating with 0.91 reflectivity and white coating with 0.97 reflectivity have greater brightness than the wall surface painted with the grey coating with 0.37 reflectivity.The brightness ratio between side wall and pavement of a tunnel can be 1.24~1.35.As the side wall brightness increases,the pavement brightness in tunnel and the visual distance of any obstruction on the pavement detected by human eyes will increase.If the pavement brightness remains essentially unchanged while the side wall brightness is changed in a tunnel,the power of the illuminating lamps can be reduced by 14.6%and 9.8%respectively in a tunnel with side wall painted with energy-accumulating luminescent coating and in a tunnel with side wall painted with white coating,as compared with a tunnel with side wall painted with grey coating;besides,the visual distance of any obstruction on the pavement in the tunnel detected by human eyes essentially remains unchanged,the variation pattern of the pupil diameter of the driver in a moving vehicle essentially remains the same,and the driver feels no discomfort.In the lighting design of tunnel,lighting energy conservation of a highway tu

关 键 词：公路隧道 侧壁涂料 反射率 光环境 视觉特性 试验 

分 类 号：U453.7[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]