犬传染性呼吸道疾病的研究进展  

Research Progress on Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease

作　　者：苑虹博 郭廷婷 孙怡朋[1] YUAN Hongbo;GUO Tingting;SUN Yipeng(College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第7期89-96,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172838)。

摘　　要：犬传染性呼吸道疾病(CIRD)是一种经常发生在犬聚集地的传染性疾病,该疾病通常由多种不同的病毒或细菌混合感染或继发感染所致,其临床症状主要表现为咳嗽、流鼻涕等呼吸道症状,严重感染时可发展为肺炎。目前,CIRD的多种病原体在世界范围内广泛流行传播,且随着病原体的不断变异,以及犬作为重要伴侣动物与人类的接触日益密切,其存在跨种传播感染人类的可能性,对公共卫生安全具有潜在威胁。目前已有的针对CIRD病原体的疫苗免疫保护效果有限,不能完全预防病原体的感染,CIRD的防治工作面临一定的困难。针对CIRD患犬的病原体进行快速准确的诊断,是及时采取有效防治措施进而控制疾病传播扩散的关键。本文系统全面地总结了CIRD的主要病原体、诊断方法和预防措施,分析了目前CIRD主要病原体的病原学及其流行病学特征,以及已有诊断方法和疫苗预防的局限性,并提出了研发用于临床多种CIRD病原体同时快速检测技术的必要性,旨在为CIRD的诊断和防治工作提供更多思路,从而保障公共卫生安全。Canine infectious respiratory disease(CIRD) is a contagious disease frequently occurring in canine gatherings,typically caused by mixed or secondary infections of various viruses or bacteria.The clinical symptoms are primarily respiratory,such as coughing and nasal discharge,and severe infections can progress to pneumonia.Multiple CIRD pathogens are widespread globally,and with the continuous mutation of these pathogens and the increasing close contact between dogs and humans as companion animals,there is a potential risk of zoonotic transmission,posing a threat to public health.Currently,vaccines targeting CIRD pathogens provide limited protective efficacy and cannot completely prevent pathogen infection,presenting challenges for CIRD prevention and control.Rapid and accurate diagnosis of pathogens in CIRD-infected dogs is crucial for timely and effective control measures to prevent disease spread.This paper comprehensively summarizes the main pathogens of CIRD,diagnostic methods,and preventive measures,analyzes the pathogenic and epidemiological characteristics of major CIRD pathogens,and discusses the limitations of current diagnostic methods and vaccine prevention.It emphasizes the necessity of developing rapid detection technologies for multiple CIRD pathogens for clinical use,aiming to provide more approaches for the diagnosis and control of CIRD,thus ensuring public health safety.

关 键 词：犬传染性呼吸道疾病(CIRD) 混合感染 诊断方法 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]