不同父系和性别对育肥尕力巴牛生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和经济效益的影响  

Paternity and gender effects on the production and slaughter performance,meat quality,and economic benefit of fattening Galiba cattle

作　　者：李岩 牛小莹 朱旭鑫 何克磊 党智 周建伟[4] LI Yan;NIU Xiaoying;ZHU Xuxin;HE Kelei;DANG Zhi;ZHOU Jianwei(Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Animal Husbandry Technology Service Center of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Hezuo 747000,Gansu,China;Animal Husbandry workstation of Hezuo City,Hezuo 747000,Gansu,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省畜牧技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘南藏族自治州畜牧技术服务中心,甘肃合作747000 [3]合作市畜牧工作站,甘肃合作747000 [4]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第6期1407-1417,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2021-42、GNKJ-2022-21)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过舍饲育肥试验,探究不同父系和性别对尕力巴牛生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及经济效益的影响,以期为甘南州提高该畜种的资源利用率和实现科学养殖提供理论依据。试验采用2×2双因子设计,选取3周岁、体况相近、体重[(151±9.2)kg]的健康尕力巴牛24头,其中黄尕力巴和牦尕力巴牛各12头(公母各半)。试验饲粮由精料和粗料两部分构成,其中精料饲喂量为每头牛2.50 kg·d^(-1),粗料自由采食。结果表明:1)黄尕力巴牛终末体重和日增重均显著高于牦尕力巴牛(P<0.05),且尕力巴公牛的日增重显著高于母牛(P<0.001)。黄尕力巴牛的料重比显著低于牦尕力巴牛(P<0.001),且尕力巴公牛的料重比具有低于母牛的趋势(P=0.057);2)黄尕力巴牛育肥前的体斜长和育肥后的胸围显著高于牦尕力巴牛(P<0.05);3)黄尕力巴牛宰前活重和胴体重显著高于牦尕力巴牛(P<0.05),且尕力巴公牛的胴体重具有大于母牛的趋势(P=0.084);4)尕力巴牛牛肉的剪切力、熟肉率和失水率不受其父系、性别及其交互作用的影响(P>0.10);5)黄尕力巴牛的增重价值和育肥收入均显著高于牦尕力巴牛(P<0.001),且公牛的增重价值和育肥收入显著高于母牛(P<0.001)。综上所述,在甘南州开展尕力巴牛的舍饲育肥工作是可行的,其育肥经济效益排序为黄尕力巴公牛>黄尕力巴母牛>牦尕力巴公牛>牦尕力巴母牛。In this study,we aimed at investigating how different paternities and genders could affect Galiba cattle fatteningrelated production performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,and economic benefits in order to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the resource utilization efficiency in the case of this cattle breed and achieving precision animal husbandry in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.Twelve healthy Huang-Galiba cattle and 12 healthy Mao-Galiba cattle(half male and half female),all aged 3 years old and with similar body weight[(151±9.2)kg]were used in a 2×2 factorial design study.The experimental diets consisted of concentrate and wheat straw:The concentrate was fed at 2.50 kg·d^(-1) per cattle while wheat straw was supplied as a voluntary intake.We obtained the following results.First,the Huang-Galiba cattle final body weight and average daily gain(ADG)were higher than those of Mao-Galiba cattle(P<0.05),while the ADG in male Galiba cattle was beyond that of females(P<0.001).The feed-to-gain ratio(F/G)of Huang-Galiba cattle was lower than that of Mao-Galiba cattle(P<0.001),and the F/G of male Galiba cattle tended to remain below that of females(P=0.057).Second,the body diagonal length before the experiment and chest girth after Huang-Galiba cattle fattening were higher than those of Mao-Galiba cattle(P<0.05).Third,the Huang-Galiba cattle live(before slaughter)and carcass weights were beyond those of Mao-Galiba cattle(P<0.05),and the carcass weight of male Galiba cattle was higher than that of females(P=0.084).Fourth,Galiba meat shear force,cooked meat rate,and driage were not affected by paternity,gender,and their interactions(P>0.10).Finally,the economic value of Huang-Galiba cattle body weight gain and fattening income were bigger than that of Mao-Galiba cattle(P<0.001),while that of male Galiba cattle were higher than that of females(P<0.001).In conclusion,the Galiba cattle fattening strategy is feasible in Gannan Prefecture with the following economic benefit sequencing:Male Huang-Gal

关 键 词：尕力巴牛 父系 生产性能 肉品质 经济效益 舍饲育肥 体尺指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]