不同水分调控对沿黄灌区向日葵水分利用影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Water Regulation on Water Utilization of Sunflower Along the Yellow Irrigation Area

作　　者：何锐 佟长福[1,2] 王军[1] 张晔 栗永 HE Rui;TONG Chang-fu;WANG Jun;ZHANG Ye;LI Yong(Institute of Pastoral Hydraulic Research,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018,China;Water Resources Development Center of Uttarakhand Banner,Ordos 017300,Inner Mongolia,China;Ordos Water Conservancy Development Center,Ordos 017200,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]乌审旗水利事业发展中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017300 [4]鄂尔多斯市水利事业发展中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017200

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第7期8-15,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：内蒙古自治区联合基金(2023LHMS05022);“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(2021EEDSCXSFQZD011)。

摘　　要：为探究达拉特旗黄河南岸灌区向日葵根系吸水来源及其利用策略,通过测定达拉特旗黄河南岸灌区向日葵木质部水及其各种潜在水源(降水、土壤水和地下水)的氢氧同位素组成(δD和δ18O),利用直接对比法和MixSIAR模型研究对比不同灌溉制度下向日葵不同生育期水分来源及各水源利用差异。结果表明,向日葵在苗期、拔节期、灌浆期和成熟期的吸水深度分别在0~30、0~50、0~70和30~90 cm土层。不同灌溉量下,向日葵的主要吸水层具有一定的差异。0~10、10~30、30~50、50~70、70~90 cm深度土壤水和地下水对向日葵平均贡献比例分别为22.17%、17.99%、18.74%、14.68%、15.97%和10.45%。通过相关性分析,50 cm以下土层水分贡献对产量提高有利,0~10 cm土壤水、30~50 cm土壤水和地下水利用对灌溉水利用效率具有正相关关系。设置灌溉定额为187.5 mm时能显著提高产量,灌溉定额为100 mm时,能显著提升灌溉水利用效率。To investigate the water uptake sources of sunflower roots and their utilization strategies in the irrigation area on the south bank of the Yellow River in Dalate Banner,the hydroxide isotope compositions(δD andδ18O)of the xylem water of sunflower and its various potential water sources(precipitation,soil water,and underground water)in the irrigation area on the south bank of the Yellow River in Dalate Banner were determined.Additionally,the water of sunflower in different irrigation regimes at different fertility stages was compared by utilizing the Direct Comparison Method and MixSIAR modeling study.The results showed that the water absorption depths of sunflower at seedling period,elongation period,irrigating period and maturity period were in the soil layers of 0~30 cm,0~50 cm,0~70 cm and 30~90 cm,respectively.The main water absorption layers of sunflower varied under different irrigation amounts.The average contribution of soil water to sunflower at depths of 0~10 cm,10~30 cm,30~50 cm,50~70 cm,70~90 cm and underground water were 22.17%,17.99%,18.74%,14.68%,15.97%,and 10.45%,respectively.Through correlation analysis,water contribution of soil layers below 50 cm was favorable for yield improvement,and water use of soil layers from 10 to 30 cm and 50 to 70 cm had a positive correlation with irrigation water use efficiency.Setting an irrigation rate of 187.5 mm significantly increased yield,and an irrigation rate of 100 mm significantly enhanced irrigation water use efficiency.

关 键 词：氢氧同位素 水分来源 根系吸水 吸水深度 水分调控 黄河南岸灌区 向日葵 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]