滴灌条件下温室黄瓜土壤蒸发的影响因素及模拟  

Influencing Factors and Simulation of Soil Evaporation for Cucumber Grown in Greenhouse Under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：冀健红 朱邦华 刘新阳[2] JI Jian-hong;ZHU Bang-hua;LIU Xin-yang(Henan Vocational College of Water Conservancy and Environment,Zhengzhou 450008,China;North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南水利与环境职业学院,郑州450008 [2]华北水利水电大学,郑州450045

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第7期100-107,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51309099)。

摘　　要：明确土壤蒸发的变化过程和影响因素,建立简便且具有较高精度的计算模型,对提高水资源利用效率,减少无效水分消耗具有重要指导意义。以温室滴灌黄瓜为试验对象,对土壤蒸发进行了连续测量,引入Priestley-Taylor模型的土壤蒸发模块,将蒸发过程分为2个阶段,探讨了3个限制系数(Deardorff,1977:f_(sw)-1;Yao et al.,2013:f_(sw)-2;Ershadi et al.,2014:f_(sw)-3)对模型精度的影响。结果表明:全生育期温室滴灌黄瓜的土壤蒸发在0.13~9.15 g/d之间变化,平均值为3.15 g/d,总体表现为“增加-降低-增加”的变化趋势;土壤蒸发与表层含水率和LAI均呈e指数函数关系,与含水率呈正比,与LAI呈反比;土壤蒸发系数与含水率变化过程相似,全生育期在0.49~1.26之间变化;3个模型在第2阶段的模拟精度较高,且f_(sw)-1的精度优于f_(sw)-2和f_(sw)-3,MAE和RMSE分别为0.14和0.21 mm/d。因此,采用PT-f_(sw)-1模型模拟滴灌条件下的土壤蒸发具有较高精度,可为精确掌握温室滴灌黄瓜水分消耗提供依据。Clarifying the change process and influencing factors of soil evaporation and establishing a simple and high-precision calculation model is crucial for improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing ineffective water consumption.In this study,taking the cucumber grown in the greenhouse as an example,soil evaporation under drip irrigation conditions was continuously measured.By introducing the soil evaporation module from the Priestley-Taylor model,the soil evaporation process was divided into two stages(stage1:energy limiting stage;stage 2:falling rate stage).The study also explored the influence of three soil evaporation limiting coefficients(Deardorff,1977:f_(sw)-1;Yao et al.,2013:f_(sw)-2;Ershadi et al.,2014:f_(sw)-3)on model accuracy.The results showed that:The soil evaporation of greenhouse cucumber under drip irrigation over the whole growth period varied from 0.13 to 9.15g/d,with an average value of 3.15 g/d,showing an overall trend of"increase-decrease-increase".The relationship between soil evaporation and surface water content or LAI was an e exponential function,which was positively proportional to water content and inversely proportional to LAI.The change process of soil evaporation coefficient was similar with soil water content,it increased rapidly after irrigation,and gradually decreased with the decrease of water content.The coefficient varied between 0.49 and 1.26 during the whole growth period.The performance of the three models in the stage 2 was better.The accuracy of the f_(sw)-1 was better than that of two other models,with MAE and RMSE of 0.14 and 0.21 mm/d,respectively.So soil evaporation under drip irrigation simulated by PT-f_(sw)-1 model has a high precision,which can provide a basis for accurately understanding water consumption of cucumber under drip irrigation in greenhouse.

关 键 词：日光温室 滴灌 水分胁迫系数 影响因素 土壤蒸发 模型模拟 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]