大学生实习对职业适应力的影响机制  

The Influence Mechanism of College Students'Internship on Career Adaptability

作　　者：王桢[1] 毛新喻 WANG Zhen;MAO Xin-yu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院

出　　处：《中国大学生就业》2024年第6期44-53,共10页China University Students Career Guide

摘　　要：实习是大学生增强职业适应力和提升就业竞争力的重要方式。然而实习对于职业适应力的影响机制目前并不清晰。本研究基于职业成功的综合框架,构建大学生实习通过心理资本、人力资本和社会资本进而影响职业适应力的机制模型。本研究采用问卷调查方法,对291名有实习经历的在校大学生进行问卷调查。研究结果表明,实习时长可通过心理资本对职业适应力产生正向影响,也可通过心理资本和人力资本的链式中介作用对职业适应力产生正向影响。依托数据分析结果,本研究针对大学生实习存在的问题,从政府、企业、高校、个体等多方面提出提升大学生实习有效性的策略建议。In recent years,the employment situation of college students has become more severe,and internship has become a more important approach for students to enhance career adaptability and employment competitiveness.However,the mechanism of internship's impact on career adaptability is still unclear.Based on an integrative framework of career success,this study constructs a model of the mechanism by which college students'internship affects career adaptability through the mediating roles of psychological capital,human capital and social capital.Adopting the questionnaire survey method,this study conducts a survey on 291 college students with internship experience.The results show that internship duration can have a positive impact on career adaptability through the mediating role of psychological capital,and can also have a positive impact on career adaptability through the serial mediating effects of psychological capital and human capital.Relying on the data analysis,this study puts forward targeted suggestions to enhance the effectiveness from the aspects of government,enterprises,universities and individuals,in response to the existing problems of college students'internship.

关 键 词：大学生实习 心理资本 人力资本 社会资本 职业适应力 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]