纳米材料助力合成生物学的生物医学应用  

Nanomaterials boost the biomedical application of synthetic biology

作　　者：雷琪 赵一帆 刘双语 肖雅方 杨芳 郭伟圣 顾宁 Qi Lei;Yifan Zhao;Shuangyu Liu;Yafang Xiao;Fang Yang;Weisheng Guo;Ning Gu(Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology,School of Biomedical Engineering&The Second Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China;State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Cardiovascular Disease Research Center,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Medical School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology,School of Biomedical Engineering&The Second Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China [3]Cardiovascular Disease Research Center,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Medical School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2024年第7期2051-2066,共16页中国科学（材料科学）（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52003086).

摘　　要：合成生物学是借助基因工具改造活细胞和生物体的学科,其经历了蓬勃发展阶段,在生物医学领域得到广泛应用,包括新型生物传感器和生物材料设计,以及最新临床治疗药物和疫苗的开发.纳米材料具有独特的物理、化学和生物特性,在拓展合成生物学的生物医学应用场景上具有巨大的潜力,可以提高治疗剂的生产效率,并增强改造生物体的功能.在此,我们简要概述了纳米材料应用于合成生物学领域的最新进展,主要涵盖纳米材料作为递送载体、信号转导器和功能增强剂的角色及其制备过程和性能特点.本综述首先强调了纳米材料作为基因载体的最新成果,包括有机、无机和仿生递送系统;其次,回顾了纳米材料介导的刺激响应型基因表达调控的研究;第三,总结了在可编程的杂化生物活性材料方面的开创性工作,包括纳米材料/细菌杂合系统和纳米材料/哺乳动物细胞杂合系统;最后,讨论了该领域当前面临的挑战,并从个人观点展望了未来的发展前景.Synthetic biology applying genetic tools to engineer living cells and organisms,has burgeoning biomedical applications ranging from innovative biosensor and biomaterial design to the recent development of clinical therapeutic agents and vaccines.Nanomaterials are equipped with unique physical,chemical,and biological properties,holding great potential for expanding the biomedical application scenarios of synthetic biology,improving the production efficiency of target medical products,and enhancing the functions of modified organisms.Here,a brief review is provided to highlight the recent progress in synthetic biology boosted by nanomaterials that act as delivery vehicles,signal transductors,function enhancers,and their related preparation and properties.First,it emphasizes the recent achievements of gene nanocarriers,including organic,inorganic,and bionic delivery systems.Second,the research in nanomaterial-mediated stimuli-responsive gene expression regulation has been reviewed.Third,the pioneering work in programmable hybrid living materials including nanomaterial/bacterium hybrid systems,and nanomaterial/mammalian cell hybrid systems is summarized.Finally,it is concluded with the current challenges and personal perspectives on the direction of future work in this field.

关 键 词：synthetic biology NANOMATERIALS gene circuit carriers signal transductors hybrid systems 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]