多波束和侧扫声呐在海底管线悬空检测中的应用  

Application of Multi-beam Sounding System and Side Scan Sonar in the Suspended Detection of Submarine Pipelines

作　　者：陈小华 曹兰杰 熊春宝[2] 汪金花 Chen Xiaohua;Cao Lanjie;Xiong Chunbao;Wang Jinhua(Tianjin Surveying and Hydrography Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300304,China;Department of Civil Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市陆海测绘有限公司,天津300304 [2]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300350 [3]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2024年第4期569-577,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFC1407400)。

摘　　要：海底管线的悬空状态关系到海管的安全运营,是海管勘察的关注重点之一。为了准确探测海管的悬空状态,以渤海海域两条海管的悬空段为研究对象,开展了多波束测深和侧扫声呐的数据采集和处理,对比了两种方法探测管线与历史资料的水平距离、悬空长度以及悬空高度的差异。研究结果显示:非沟内悬空管线探测时,多波束所测数据与历史资料水平距离为0.12~0.67 m,侧扫声呐为0.39~1.16 m,两种方法所得悬空长度的差值为0.19~0.67 m,最大悬空高度的差值为0.09~0.14 m;沟内悬空管线探测时,多波束所测数据与历史资料水平距离为0.24~0.79 m,侧扫声呐为0.71~2.52 m,两种方法所得悬空长度的差值为0.35~0.92 m,最大悬空高度的差值为0.07~0.13 m。实验表明:两种方法均能有效识别悬空管线,但是针对非沟内悬空管线两侧有冲刷或沟内悬空情况下,特别是针对海况较差时,多波束精度显著高于侧扫声呐。建议根据项目要求,在条件允许情况下组合使用两种方法。The suspended state of subsea pipelines is crucial to the safe operation of these pipelines,making it a key focus of seabed surveys.To accurately assess the suspension status of pipelines in the Bohai Sea,we collected data and used multi-beam sounding and side-scan sonar on two suspended pipeline sections.After comparing the horizontal distances,suspended lengths,and suspended heights obtained from both methods with historical data,we find that,when detecting suspended pipelines outside the trench,the horizontal distances measured by multi-beam sounding ranges from 0.12 m to 0.67 m,whereas side-scan sonar measurements range from 0.39 m to 1.16 m.The discrepancies in suspended lengths between the two methods range from 0.19 m to 0.67 m,and the maximum differences in suspended heights are between 0.09 m and 0.14m.When detecting suspended pipelines within the trench,the horizontal distances measured by multi-beam sounding range from 0.24 m to 0.79 m compared to historical data,while side-scan sonar measurements range from 0.71 m to 2.52 m.The discrepancies in suspended lengths between the two methods range from 0.35 m to 0.92 m,and the maximum differences in suspended heights are between 0.07 m and 0.13 m.Both methods prove effective in identifying suspended pipelines.However,multi-beam sounding demonstrates significantly higher accuracy than side-scan sonar,particularly in situations involving scouring on both sides of suspended pipelines outside the trench or suspended pipelines within the trench,especially during adverse sea conditions.Based on project requirements,the paper recommends a combination of the two methods when conditions permit.

关 键 词：海底管线 多波束 侧扫声呐 悬空管线 

分 类 号：P631.5[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]