肉鸡运输应激发生机制与防控策略  

Mechanism,Prevention and Control Strategy of Transport Stress in Broilers

作　　者：徐海祥 张希斌 贺鹏光 王首驿 林宏建[1] 泮进明[1] XU Haixiang;ZHANG Xibin;HE Pengguang;WANG Shouyi;LIN Hongjian;PAN Jinming(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing Equipment,College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310016;Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266000;Weifang Heshengyuan Food Co.,Ltd.,Weifang,Shandong 262100)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,农业农村部农产品产地处理装备重点实验室,浙江杭州310016 [2]山东新希望六和集团有限公司,山东青岛266000 [3]潍坊和盛园食品有限公司,山东潍坊262100

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第7期101-112,共12页China Poultry

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2021C02026)。

摘　　要：运输是肉鸡生产闭环中不可避免的过程,但由于运输过程中各种环境因素和外界刺激等的综合作用,可能会对肉鸡造成多种应激反应,导致鸡只自身免疫、繁殖机能和生产性能等出现不同程度下降,进而严重影响肉鸡生产企业的经济效益。文章列举了常见运输应激源的产生及其对肉鸡的影响,包括不合理的抓取装箱方式、禁食、急性冷热刺激、运输密度等;总结了运输应激的作用机理,包括内分泌轴应激应答系统以及氧化应激作用通路,并从提高抗应激能力和减少应激源两个角度提出内外结合预防运输应激的潜在有效手段,提出将运输应激的研究同精准畜牧技术、人工智能、医学等方向结合的展望,旨在为肉鸡运输相关的研究和生产提供参考。Transportation is inevitable in the whole closed loop of production of broilers.Due to the combined effects of various environmental factors and external stimuli during transportation,broilers may produce many different types of stress responses,which often lead to the decrease of autoimmunity,reproductive function and production performance of chickens,which have a great adverse effect on broiler production enterprises as well.In terms of transport stressors,the main factors were unreasonable fetching and packing,fasting,acute hot and cold stimulation,transport density and so on.The mechanism included endocrine stress response system and oxidative stress.The methods of preventing transport stress from the perspectives of improving antistress ability and avoiding stressors were put forward.Finally,the prospect of combining the research of transport stress with precision livestock farming technology,artificial intelligence,medical science and other directions were proposed in order to provide reference for broiler production and the research of broiler transport.

关 键 词：肉鸡 运输应激 机理 应激防治 

分 类 号：S831.7[农业科学—畜牧学]