5个典型体型鹅品种生产性能比较与遗传多样性分析  

Comparison on Production Performance and Genetic Diversity of Five Typical Goose Breeds

作　　者：张扬[1] 常荣鑫 顾旺 张勇 张钰[1] 徐琪[1] 赵文明[1] 陈国宏[1] ZHANG Yang;CHANG Rongxin;GU Wang;ZHANG Yong;ZHANG Yu;XU Qi;ZHAO Wenming;CHEN Guohong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009;Yangzhou Wuting Food Group Tiange Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225000)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州五亭食品集团天歌鹅业有限公司,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第7期119-124,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]023);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目[JATS[2022]487];扬州市科技计划项目[YZ[2021]038]。

摘　　要：为掌握我国市场上典型鹅品种的孵化性能、生长速度、屠宰性能以及分子遗传多样性,研究收集霍尔多巴吉鹅(以下简称“霍鹅”)、狮头鹅、扬州鹅、浙东白鹅和太湖鹅5个鹅品种各300个种蛋,开展孵化试验,并进行饲养对比和屠宰试验。结果显示,霍尔多巴吉鹅种蛋受精率最高,达87%;太湖鹅种蛋孵化率最高,为91.03%;狮头鹅生长速度最快,70日龄体重最高,且狮头鹅>霍鹅、浙东白鹅>扬州鹅、太湖鹅。扬州鹅的饲料转化率最高(料肉比为3.1∶1);狮头鹅在体重与屠宰指标上具有明显优势,扬州鹅显著低于浙东白鹅、霍鹅(P<0.05);与其他鹅相比,国外品种霍鹅等位基因数(NO)、平均期望杂合度(He)、多态信息量(PIC)均最低,培育品种扬州鹅遗传多样性最高。研究为优质肉鹅新配套系选育在生长速度、出栏体重、饲料转化效率、群体遗传多样性等方面选择育种素材,提供具体候选品种资源。In order to understand the hatching performance,growth rate,slaughter performance and molecular genetic diversity of typical goose breeds in China's market,300 eggs of Hortobagyi geese,Shitou geese,Yangzhou geese,Zhedong white geese and Taihu goose were introduced to carry out incubation experiments,feeding comparison and slaughter.The data showed that the fertilization rate of breeding eggs of Huoduobaji geese was the highest,reaching 87%.The hatching rate of Taihu goose eggs was the highest(91.03%).The growth rate of Shitou geese was the fastest,and the body weight at 70 days of age was the highest(Shitou geese>Hortobagyi geese,Zhedong white geese>Yangzhou geese,Taihu geese)(P<0.05).Yangzhou geese had the highest feed conversion rate and the lowest feed conversion ratio(3.1∶1).Shitou geese had obvious advantages in body weight and slaughter index,and Yangzhou geese were significantly lower than Zhedong white geese and Huo geese(P<0.05).Compared with other geese,the number of alleles(NO),average expected heterozygosity(He)and polymorphism information content(PIC)of Huo geese were significantly lower,while the PIC of Yangzhou geese was significantly higher.This study provided specific candidate breed resources for selecting breeding materials in terms of growth rate,body weight,feed conversion efficiency and population genetic diversity.

关 键 词：鹅 孵化性能 生长性能 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]