晚清乡土志的编纂与地方自治——以《建昌县乡土志》为中心的考察  

Rural Records Compilation and Local Autonomy in Late Qing DynastyA Survey Centered around Jianchang County Rural Record

作　　者：何和义[1] He Heyi

机构地区：[1]宜春学院文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《中国地方志》2024年第3期25-33,M0003,M0004,共11页China Local Records

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度重点项目“晚清民国时期江西乡土教材收集、整理与研究”(项目批准号:22ZD038)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：晚清实行学制改革,发展乡土教育,要求各地编纂乡土志;同时推行地方自治,而分区是地方自治的基础。修志与分区本互不干涉,但是建昌县官绅将分区融入乡土志的编纂,于光绪年间修成《建昌县乡土志》,特设《建昌县奥地图》2卷,对建昌县进行分区。该志带有浓重的地方自治色彩,宣扬地方自治思想,谋划地方自治方略。《建昌县乡土志》的特点与其主修者和编纂者有很大关系,该志内容丰富,地图数量多,印刷精美,反映晚清编纂乡土志目的的多元化、清末新政在中央与地方之间的互动、基层官绅对所处时代的认知与对国家和民族的担当,以及志书编纂与地方政治的深度融合,具有较高的文献和学术研究价值。During late Qing Dynasty,educational system reform was put into practice to develop rural education.Local governments were asked to compile rural records.Meanwhile,rural autonomy was pushed forward,with regional division as the foundation of rural autonomy.Local records compilation was originally not related to region division,but officials and local gentry of Jianchang County integrated regional division with rural records compilation,and completed compilation of Jianchang County Rural Records during the Reign of Guangxu,with two volumes of specially designated Jianchang County Geographical Maps that divided regions of Jianchang County.This set of local records has many contents about local autonomy,propagating local autonomy thoughts,and formulating local autonomy strategies.The features of Jianchang County Rural Records were heavily connected with its chief sponsors and compilers.It is rich in contents,having a great number of maps,and well-printed.It reflects the diversification of the objectives of rural records compilation in late Qing Dynasty,the interactions between central and local governments in terms of new policies at the end of Qing Dynasty,the understandings of the time on the part of grassroot officials and local gentries and their sense of responsibilities for the country and the nation,and reflects the deep integration of local records compilation and local politics,having fairly high value as historical references and for academic research.

关 键 词：晚清 乡土志 地方自治 《建昌县乡土志》 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]