空气净化干预对学龄儿童血压和心率的影响:一项整群的随机双盲交叉干预试验  

Effect of air purification on blood pressure and heart rate among school children:A cluster,randomized,double-blind crossover trial

作　　者：李秋彤 张翼[1] 方建龙[1] 孙庆华[1] 杜艳君[1] 王彦文 雷剑 朱毅翔 薛晓薇 陈仁杰[2] 阚海东[2] 李湉湉[1] Qiutong Li;Yi Zhang;Jianlong Fang;Qinghua Sun;Yanjun Du;Yanwen Wang;Jian Lei;Yixiang Zhu;Xiaowei Xue;Renjie Chen;Haidong Kan;Tiantian Li(National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第17期2454-2462,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92043301)资助。

摘　　要：空气颗粒物污染是心血管疾病发病和死亡的危险因素,儿童是脆弱人群之一.已有研究显示,室内安装使用空气净化设备可以降低颗粒物浓度,从而改善一般成年人群和老年人群心血管健康,但空气净化设备是否可有效改善儿童心血管健康尚无定论.为了评估空气净化设备使用对儿童血压和心率的影响,本研究基于学龄儿童开展干预周期长达4个月的整群随机双盲交叉干预试验,分别收集干预前和干预后的血压和心率测量数据、暴露数据和健康体检数据,利用双重差分模型进行统计分析,并进一步比较不同性别、体质指数和血压分层儿童间效应的差异.本研究共纳入79名平均年龄为10.6岁的学龄儿童,经过两阶段空气净化干预后发现,干预组教室和家庭内PM_(2.5)浓度低于室外,双重差分模型结果显示,空气净化干预后,儿童脉压差测量值显著降低3.44 mmHg(95%CI:−8.12~−0.11 mmHg).同时,分层分析结果显示,空气净化干预对不同性别和体质指数分层儿童血压和心率的影响存在显著差异.本研究相关结果可为空气净化干预改善儿童心血管健康提供证据,为空气污染相关的儿童心血管健康防护措施选择提供方向.Exposure to ambient particulate matter is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease-related mortality and morbidity,and children are one of the susceptible groups.Long-term and short-term exposure to PM2.5 has been significantly associated with an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure and accelerated heart rate in children,and short-term exposure to PM2.5 can even lead to cardiac arrhythmias in children.Notably,exposure to high levels of air pollution during childhood may lead to an increased risk of developing chronic diseases later in life,including cardiovascular disease.There is an urgent need to identify effective interventions to address the impact of air pollution on children’s cardiovascular health.Previous studies showed that the use of air purification can effectively reduce the concentration of particulate matter and improve the overall cardiovascular health outcomes in general adults and older adults,including cardiovascular function,lung function,and related biomarkers.In addition,previous studies have found that the implementation of air purification can substantially improve children’s lung function and recognition function.However,one study examined the effects of air purification intervention on children’s cardiovascular health and found no significant improvement in the cardiovascular health of children.It may be because of the single intervention scenario and short intervention period,ignoring the effects of air pollution in other scenarios,and resulting in insufficient intervention intensity.Therefore,the effectiveness of air purification in improving cardiovascular health in children is an area of ongoing research.To assess the effectiveness of air purification on the cardiovascular health of children,this study conducted a cluster,randomized,double-blind crossover trial based on school-aged children with an air purification intervention period of 4 months.This study was conducted at a primary school in Mengzhou City,Henan Province from Ap

关 键 词：空气净化 学龄儿童 随机对照试验 血压 心率 干预 

分 类 号：R725.4[医药卫生—儿科]