深埋隧洞地下水分层水力联系地表深孔监测技术与工程应用  

Deep hole monitoring technology and engineering application of groundwater stratified hydraulic connection for deep tunnel

作　　者：陈念 张强[1] 汪小刚[1] 王玉杰[1] 王鹏[1] 王丹 CHEN Nian;ZHANG Qiang;WANG Xiaogang;WANG Yujie;WANG Peng;WANG Dan(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Yunnan Dianzhong Water Diversion Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]云南省滇中引水工程有限公司,昆明650000

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期1226-1237,共12页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划资助项目(202102AF080001)。

摘　　要：外水压力是深埋隧洞建设中面临的一个关键问题,由于深埋隧洞埋深大、地下水位高、地层间水力联系规律复杂,因此给深埋隧洞外水压力确定提出巨大挑战。厘清隧洞全生命周期地下水的水力联系规律,是准确评价深埋隧洞外水压力和隧洞建设影响地下水环境的关键。该文采用数值模拟法研究不同地层类型对隧洞开挖后地下水演化规律的影响,在此基础上,提出一种深埋隧洞地下水分层水力联系地表深孔监测技术,并应用于滇中引水工程蔡家村隧洞。数值模拟结果显示:隧洞上方存在隔水地层对开挖后地下水水力联系有显著影响。工程实践应用不仅验证了该技术的可行性,还证实了深埋隧洞地下水水力联系存在分层现象。该文提出的深埋隧洞地下水分层水力联系地表深孔监测技术为深埋隧洞高外水压力的取值研究提供了有效手段。[Objective]The issue of external water pressure is a key problem in the construction of deep-buried tunnels.It is a great challenge to determine the external water pressure of deep tunnel due to the large depth of deep tunnel,high groundwater level and complex hydraulic relationship between strata.Clarifying the hydraulic connection law of groundwater in the whole life cycle of tunnels is the key to accurately evaluate the external water pressure of deep tunnels and the impact of tunnel construction on groundwater environment.[Methods]In this paper,two different initial groundwater distribution conditions are applied to two geological models of different stratum types respectively,and a total of three stratum models are generalized for seepage calculation by numerical simulation.By monitoring the groundwater pressure of the corresponding strata and the amount of water inflow in the tunnel during the tunnel excavation process,the influence of different stratum types on groundwater evolution and distribution after tunnel excavation is studied.Then,on this basis,a groundwater stratified hydraulic connection monitoring technique for deep tunnel is proposed.This monitoring technique uses deep holes on the surface to monitor the undisturbed groundwater pressure in different strata above the tunnel in advance in front of the tunnel face.The strata with poor water permeability are regarded as water-proof strata,and the strata with better water permeability are regarded as water-permeable strata.The monitoring section is arranged in the water-permeable stratum,and the blocking section is arranged in the water-proof stratum.And the core key issues of this monitoring technique are verified by indoor experiments in the laboratory.Finally,this monitoring technique is successfully applied to Caijiacun tunnel of the Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project.A deep hole named ZKSY301 is divided from bottom to top into“monitoring section-blocking section-monitoring section-blocking section-monitoring section”.The blocking sectio

关 键 词：深埋隧洞 外水压力 隔水地层 分层水力联系 地表深孔 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV672.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]