双重代际矛盾:青年“空巢”的家庭化逻辑与结构性约束  

Double Intergenerational Contradictions:Logic of Familialization and Structural Constraints of"Emptynest Youth"

作　　者：赵方杜[1] ZHAO Fangdu

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期113-123,183,共12页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“个体化进程中的‘空巢青年’与社会共同体建设研究”(项目编号:20YJA840020)。

摘　　要：针对社会转型中“空巢青年”何以形成的现实问题,既有研究更多从个体化视角关注青年群体从传统社会结构中“脱嵌”“去传统化”与“再嵌入”的过程与行为,从超越个体的家庭维度对其形成过程与机制的分析明显不足。基于修正后的代际矛盾理论,探讨了家庭代际关系塑造青年“空巢”的作用机制与结构逻辑。研究发现,“空巢青年”在代际关系上存在双重矛盾:一是面对确定性赡养关系与不确定的时空关系,他们与原生家庭既联结又割裂的矛盾;二是基于新家庭文化与单身独居的惯性,他们对未来家庭既认同又否定的矛盾。从根本上看,家庭、市场与国家政策等方面存在结构性约束——亲子关系的疏离与家庭的“祛魅”、家庭功能的市场替代与片面性、家庭政策的“家庭化”还是“去家庭化”等,使得“空巢”成为现代都市青年面对不确定性的一种理性选择机制与社会适应策略。In addressing the phenomenon of"empty-nest youth"emerging from social transformations,current research has predominantly focused on individualized perspectives such as the processes of"de-embedding,""de-traditionalization"and"reembedding"within traditional social structures.However,there has been insufficient analysis of the formation processes and mechanisms beyond the individual,particularly from a familial dimension.This study,drawing on an adapted theory of intergenerational conflicts,investigates how family intergenerational dynamics shape"empty-nest youth".It identifies two primary contradictions within these relationships.Firstly,the simultaneous connection and separation from their original families,balancing assured support with uncertain spatial and temporal relationships.Secondly,there's a contradiction involving their identification with and rejection of future familial roles,influenced by both new familial norms and the inertia of solitary lifestyles.Fundamentally,structural constraints within family dynamics,market forces,and national policies contribute significantly to these contradictions.These include the estrangement in parent-child relationships and the demystification of family roles,market-driven substitutions undermining familial functions,and national policies oscillating between family-centric and de-familialized approaches.Together,these factors establish"empty-nesting"as a rational choice mechanism and social adaptation strategy among contemporary urban youth facing pervasive uncertainty.

关 键 词：“空巢青年” 双重代际矛盾 不确定性 风险应对 

分 类 号：C913.11[经济管理]