大庆工矿区"不建集中城市"思想渊源、影响与启示  

The Origin,Influence and Inspiration of the Thought of"Not Building a Concentrated City"in Daqing Industrial and Mining Area

作　　者：李浩 LI Hao

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100044 [2]杭州国际城市学研究中心(浙江省城市治理研究中心),浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第6期I0010-I0015,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:52178028);国家社会科学基金重大项目(批准号:19ZDA014);北京建筑大学培育项目专项资金(编号:X23033)。

摘　　要：20世纪60年代大庆工矿区建设"工农结合、城乡结合、有利生产、方便生活"的建设模式和"不建集中城市"的指导思想曾对全国城市规划建设产生重要影响.在广泛查阅大量原始史料的基础上,分析了大庆工矿区"不建集中城市"的思想渊源、分散式建设的各种问题及其对大庆城市发展的影响,并提出若干思考与启示.大庆工矿区"不建集中城市"的思想是特殊时代背景下所形成的,其主导因素既有石油工业生产生活模式的特殊性、大庆地区严寒自然条件的特殊性,也有石油部门领导汲取以往石油城市建设历史教训的主观性考量,是多种因素共同作用下的一种结果.由于在公共服务设施使用和油田开发等方面存在诸多问题,改革开放初期在思想解放的时代背景下,大庆最终实现了向相对集中型建设模式的转变.The construction model of combining industry and agriculture,urban-rural integration,favorable production,and convenient living in Daqing Industrial and Mining Area in the 1960s,as well as the guiding ideology of not building a centralized city,had a significant impact on national urban planning and construction.On the basis of extensive research on a large amount of original historical materials,this paper analyzes the ideological origins of"not building a centralized city"in the Daqing industrial and mining area,various problems of decentralized construction,and their impact on the development of Daqing city,and puts forward several thoughts and inspirations.The idea of"not building a centralized city"in Daqing Industrial and Mining Area was formed under the background of a special era.Its dominant factors include the particularity of the production and living mode of the petroleum industry,the particularity of the harsh natural conditions in Daqing area,and the subjective consideration of the leaders of the petroleum department drawing lessons from the history of petroleum city construction.It is a result of the combined action of multiple factors.Due to various problems and contradictions in the use of public service facilities and oilfield development,Daqing ultimately achieved a transformation towards a relatively centralized construction model in the context of ideological liberation in the early stages of reform and opening up.

关 键 词：城市史 城市规划史 大庆 石油城市 不建集中城市 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]