冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动与东亚冬季风异常联系的模式验证  

Model verification of the relationship between inter-hemispheric atmospheric mass oscillation and East Asian winter monsoon

作　　者：钟磊 卢楚翰 乔年 管兆勇[1] 曾跃飞 ZHONG Lei;LU Chuhan;QIAO Nian;GUAN Zhaoyong;ZENG Yuefei(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education(KLME)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink,China Meteorological Administration(ECSS-CMA),Wuxi University,Wuxi 214063,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]无锡学院中国气象局生态系统碳源汇重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214063

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2024年第4期570-580,共11页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975073);国家重点研究与发展计划项目(2019YFC1510201);上海市科学技术委员会项目(20dz1200401);无锡学院引进人才科研启动基金。

摘　　要：南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资料,验证了冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动(Inter-Hemispheric atmospheric mass Oscillation, IHO)与东亚冬季风异常的联系及其对中国冬季气温的影响。研究表明,再分析资料以及模式结果均表明冬季IHO与东亚冬季风存在显著的正相关关系。IHO通过全球大气质量再分配与东亚冬季风建立起紧密的联系。当IHO为正位相时,大气质量在欧亚大陆北部异常堆积,而在中低纬地区异常亏损,这使得东亚地区海陆气压差明显增大,冬季风增强,同时对中国华中地区冬季地表气温具有显著影响;反之亦然。进一步分析发现,热带低平流层气温可以通过剩余环流调节臭氧含量经向分布进而影响南极对流层气温,从而对IHO年际变化起主要的驱动作用。The interaction between mid-high latitudes in the atmosphere of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is closely related to cross-hemisphere weather and climate systems,such as monsoons.Due to the involvement of large-scale circulation and global energy changes,the correlation pathway and mechanism have garnered extensive attention from scholars.The inter-hemispheric air mass oscillation(IHO)index is defined as the difference in atmospheric mass between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres,reflecting changes in global atmospheric circulation caused by the exchange of atmospheric mass between the hemispheres.Using ERA5 reanalysis data post-1979,the winter IHO showed a significant positive correlation with the East Asian winter monsoon anomaly(correlation coefficient r=0.49).The historical output data of the CMIP6 models further verified this relationship,showing a positive correlation in 96.7%of the models,with a correlation coefficient of 0.35 in the MPI-ESM1-2-HR model,statistically significant at the 95%confidence level.Using ERA5 reanalysis data and the historical experimental data of the MPI-ESM1-2-HR model,we verified the influence of IHO anomalies on the interannual variation of the East Asian winter monsoon and the underlying physical processes.The results indicate that the IHO is closely related to the East Asian winter monsoon through the redistribution of global air mass.During a positive IHO phase,atmospheric mass accumulates abnormally deposited in northern Eurasia and decreases in the middle and low latitudes,significantly increasing the sea-land pressure difference in East Asia and strengthening winter winds,and vice versa.Additionally,the combined difference in surface pressure between high and low IHO years shows that the Antarctic air mass anomaly contributes most of the negative anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere,indicating that the Antarctic air mass oscillation is the main driver of the North-South air mass oscillation.In the MPI-ESM1-2-HR model,the IHO significantly impacts winter surface

关 键 词：东亚冬季风 南北半球际大气质量涛动 温度“跷跷板” CMIP6 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P732