基于有限元法的端窗盖革-米勒计数管电场分布特性与影响机制仿真研究  

Simulation Research of Electric Field Distribution Characteristics and Influence Mechanism of End-window Geiger-Miller Counter Based on Finite Element Method

作　　者：胡溥宇 杜向阳 孔海宇[1,2,3] 王建飞 郭喜荣 李欣倪 张义 任熠 HU Puyu;DU Xiangyang;KONG Haiyu;WANG Jianfei;GUO Xirong;LI Xinni;ZHANG Yi;REN Yi(Shanxi Zhongfu Nuclear Instruments Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China;China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Intelligent Radiation Detection Equipment Technology Innovation Center,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中辐核仪器有限责任公司,山西太原030006 [2]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030006 [3]山西省智能辐射探测装备技术创新中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2024年第7期1573-1587,共15页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划(202303021212382);中核集团“青年英才”项目。

摘　　要：端窗盖革-米勒计数管(简称端窗GM管)是辐射探测领域核心前端探测器件之一,能同时测量α、β、γ射线,成本低、可靠性高、通用性强。端窗GM管的电场分布是评价其工作性能的重要指标之一,针对新型端窗GM管研发设计过程中工作电压、阴阳极结构等核心设计参数难以定型问题,本文以国际先进型号端窗GM管为研究对象,分析关键仿真输入参数,建立精细化电磁仿真模型,开展其灵敏区域电场分布特性分析,明确其核心设计参数对电场分布的影响机制与规律。仿真结果与统计结论表明,采用负压供电方式有利于改善端窗GM管死时间,电场分布对阳极网厚度的变化更敏感,阳极网更适合布置于腔内底部区域,设置遮光导电涂层有助于进一步提升端窗GM管工作性能。The end-window Geiger-Miller counter(end-window GM counter)is one of the core detectors in the field of radiation detection.End-window GM counter has many advantages such as low cost,high reliability,and strong versatility,especially in being able to measure alpha,beta,and gamma rays simultaneously,and meets various radiation measurement needs.The electric field distribution of the end-window GM counter is one of the important parameters for evaluating its working performance.The paper aims to solve the difficulty in determining core design parameters such as operating voltage and anode/cathode structure,during the development and design process of a new type of end-window GM counter.The international advanced type of end-window GM counter was took as the research object,key simulation input parameters were identified,refined electromagnetic simulation model was established,and the electric field distribution characteristics inside the counter was analyzed.Finally,the influence mechanism and pattern of the core design parameters of the counter on electric field distribution were researched.The simulation results show that parameters such as operating voltage,power supply mode,anode structure,relative position of anode and cathode,and end-window structure all have an impact on the electric field distribution in the counter.The electric field intensity in the bottom area of the counter is higher than that in the top area of the counter,and is relatively highest in the central area at the bottom,the charged particles mainly drift between the reticulated anode and the bottom surface of the counter.The electric field inside the counter is mainly distributed near the anode,which is the main area where particle multiplication effects occur.The peak electric field intensity appears at the edges of each anode ring and increases with the increase anode ring radius.The peak and mean electric field intensity inside the counter increase linearly with the operating voltage,and uniformity of the electric field is not affected.N

关 键 词：端窗 盖革-米勒计数管 电场分布 仿真分析 

分 类 号：TL811[核科学技术—核技术及应用]