微藻生物肥提高谷子对氮磷胁迫的耐受性  

Microalgae biofertilizer increases foxtail millet tolerance to nitrogen and phosphorus stress

作　　者：李慧敏 李炯珊 张克燕 张春辉 季春丽 王计平 李润植 LI Hui-min;LI Jiong-shan;ZHANG Ke-yan;ZHANG Chun-hui;JI Chun-li;WANG Ji-ping;LI Run-zhi(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University/Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy/Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Special Crops,Taigu,Shanxi 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院/分子农业与生物能源研究所/山西省特用作物遗传和代谢工程研究中心,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第6期1130-1141,共12页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划部省联动项目(2021YFD1901100);国家自然科学基金项目(32300326);山西省基础研究计划(青年基金)项目(20210302124005);山西省农业农村厅“六新”项目。

摘　　要：【目的】氮磷营养缺乏是作物生长发育的重要限制因素。微藻生物肥是由单细胞光合藻类生物质构成的一种新型肥料,其促进作物生长和改良土壤肥力的功效备受关注。本研究旨在解析微藻生物肥对谷子(Setaria italica L.)生长的促进作用,特别是提高谷子对氮磷缺乏的耐受性的生物学功能,为微藻生物肥在谷子等作物的化肥减量和绿色可持续生产的应用提供理论支撑。【方法】供试谷子品种为‘晋谷21’。采用水培试验,设置正常氮磷(霍格兰标准营养液中氮和磷含量分别为210和71 mg/L)、无氮磷(营养液中氮和磷含量均为0 mg/L)和1/2氮磷(营养液中氮和磷含量分别为105和35.5 mg/L)3个氮磷水平。制备小球藻(Chlorella sp.DT01)(DT)、埃氏小球藻(Chlorella emersonii)(AS)和蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)(DB)3种微藻生物肥,分别与3个氮磷处理液等比混合,共构成9个处理,每个氮磷水平下设置1个不添加微藻微生物溶液处理为对照。在谷子幼苗生长至两叶一心时,将其移入处理液中,在温室条件下连续培养9天,期间每3天补充1次处理液。处理结束时,测定各处理谷子幼苗的生长指标、生物量、色素含量、光合活性和氮磷含量等生理生化参数,并通过qRT-PCR技术分析氮磷转运蛋白相关基因(SiNRT1.11、SiNRT2.1、SiPHT1.2和SiPHT1.1)的表达谱。【结果】与正常氮磷处理相比,无氮磷和1/2氮磷处理均显著降低了谷子幼苗生物量、光合色素(叶绿素a,b和类葫萝卜素)含量和光合作用。在3种剂量氮磷处理下,施用3种微藻生物肥处理均显著提高谷子幼苗鲜重和干重、光合色素含量(特别是类胡萝卜素)和光合作用参数[实际光化学效率Y(II),光化学淬灭系数qP和非光化学淬灭系数NPQ]。此外,微藻生物肥还显著增加了谷子幼苗全氮和全磷含量。微藻生物肥DT处理的促生效应最显著。qRT-PCR检测谷子幼苗氮磷转运相关【Objectives】Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)nutrient deficiency is an important factor inhibiting crop growth and development.Microalgal biofertilizer is a novel fertilizer consisting of single-cell photosynthetic algal biomass.An increasing attention is focused on the effects of microalgal biofertilizer in promoting crop growth and improving soil fertility.This study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting effect of microalgal biofertilizer on foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.),particularly,its function in enhancing foxtail millet tolerance to N and P deficiency stresses,providing a theoretical foundation for microalgal biofertilizer application in foxtail millet and other crop production for reducing chemical fertilizer usage and promoting green sustainability.【Methods】A hydroponic method was used to cultivate millet seedlings of Jingu 21 variety.The N-P treatment included normal level of N and P in Hoagland nutrient solution(N 210 mg/L and P 71 mg/L,respectively),1/2 level of N and P in the nutrient solution(N 105 mg/L and P 35.5 mg/L,respectively),and none of N and P addition in the nutrient solution.Three microalgal biofertilizers,namely Chlorella sp.DT01(DT),Chlorella emersonii(AS),and Chlorella pyrenoidosa(DB),were prepared,and then combined with the three N-P treatments at 1∶1 ratio,respectively,totally composing nine treatments.Microalgal biofertilizer-free control was set for each N-P treatment.The millet seedlings at age of two-open leaves and one-sprout were transferred to these 12 treatment solutions,and cultivated in a greenhouse for 9 days,with the treatment solutions replenished every 3 days.At the end of the treatments,the seedlings were harvested for measurement of seedling growth,biomass,pigment content,photosynthetic activity,N and P contents,as well as the expression profiles of nitrate transporter genes(SiNRT1.11 and SiNRT2.1)and phosphate transporter genes(SiPHT1.2 and SiPHT1.1).【Results】Compared with normal N-P treatment,the NP-free and 1/2 NP treatments significantly reduced b

关 键 词：谷子(Setaria italica L.) 微藻生物肥 氮磷缺乏 生理生化特性 基因表达 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]