敦煌西湖保护区地下水埋深对表层土壤盐离子含量的影响  

Effects of Groundwater Burial Depth on the Salt Ion Content of Surface Soil in Dunhuang West Lake Reserve

作　　者：王海 赵洪民 陈冠光 WANG Hai;ZHAO Hongmin;CHEN Guanguang(Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve,Dunhuang Gansu 736200,China;Gansu Ecological Resources Monitoring Center,Lanzhou 730020,China;Gansu Forestry Survey and Planning institute,Lanzhou 730020,China;Forestry College of Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃敦煌736200 [2]甘肃省生态资源监测中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省林业调查规划院,甘肃兰州730020 [4]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2024年第2期30-35,57,共7页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：山西农业大学博士科研启动项目,2021BQ106;山西省博士毕业生来晋奖励项目;SXBYKY2022016。

摘　　要：土壤盐分含量和地下水埋深是评估土壤盐碱化防治和保护区植被恢复的重要指标。该研究在敦煌西湖保护区羊圈湾、后坑、马圈湾、盐池湾和火烧湖设置样地,通过野外土壤采样和实验室分析测试,系统分析地下水埋深与表层(0—5 cm)土壤盐分离子含量之间的关系。结果显示:地下水位埋深较浅的地点主要出现硫酸盐型和氯化物-硫酸盐型土壤盐渍化,而地下水位埋深较深的地点主要表现为硫酸盐-氯化物型土壤盐渍化;随着地下水位埋深的由浅变深,八大离子中(Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Cl^(-)、HCO_(3)^(-))在表层(0—5 cm)土壤的含量呈现先增加后减少的趋势,而K+和CO_(3)^(2-)离子的变化规律不太明显。地下水埋深对土壤盐分的影响显著,需要通过控制地下水位埋深在适当的范围内,实现防止土壤盐渍化的进一步加剧。Soil salinity content and groundwater burial depth are important indicators for assessing the prevention and control of soil salinization and the restoration of vegetation in Dunhuang west lake reserve.In Yangquan Bay,Houkeng,Maquan Bay,Yanchi Bay and Huoshao lake in Dunhuang west Lake reserve,the study systematically analyzes the relationship between the burial depth of groundwater and the content of soil salt isolates in the surface(0-5 cm)by using the methods of field soil sampling and laboratory analysis and testing.The results show that the places where the groundwater level is shallow mainly has sulfate type and chloride sulfate type soil salinization,while the places where the groundwater level is deep is mainly characterized by sulfate-chloride-type soil salinization.As the buried depth of the groundwater level changes from shallow to deep,the content of the eight maior ions(Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),SO_(4)^(2-),Cl^(-),HCO_(3)^(-))in the surface(0-5 cm)soil tends to increase firstly and then decrease,while the change of K^(+)and CO_(3)^(2-)ions is not obvious.After analysis and research,it is found that the burial depth of groundwater has a significant impact on soil salinity,and it is necessary to prevent the further intensification of soil salinization by controlling the depth of groundwater level in an appropriate range.

关 键 词：地下水埋深 土壤盐分离子 土壤盐渍化 防治措施 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]