基于构效关系研究的石油炼制与化工催化剂表征技术进展  

Advances in Characterization Techniques for Petroleum Refining and Chemical Catalysts Based on Structure-Activity Relationship Studies

作　　者：徐广通 刘超文 邱丽美 XU Guangtong;LIU Chaowen;QIU Limei(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process Engineering,SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司石油化工分子转化与反应工程全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第4期841-861,共21页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFA1504402)基金资助。

摘　　要：新型催化剂的研发模式正从过去以实验设计、试错为主向理论设计指导转变,基于催化剂组成结构信息与反应性能建立的构效关系是催化剂设计的重要基础。多种超高分辨电子显微技术、表面分析技术、核磁共振技术、光谱表征技术、基于同步辐射光源的高分辨谱学等技术为研究催化剂活性中心本质提供了重要手段。概述了近20年来催化剂表征技术的发展概况及构效关系的研究方法,重点介绍了原子尺度与原位表征技术的进展,以及表征技术在分子筛、加氢催化剂、重整和丙烷脱氢催化剂、脱硫吸附剂等典型催化剂研究中的应用情况,以期为研究人员更好地研究催化剂构效关系提供导引和启发。The R&D pattern of new catalysts is changing from experimental design and trial-and-error mode to theoretical design and guide.The investigation of the structure-activity relationship,which is established based on the composition and structure information of the catalysts and their corresponding reaction performances,provides important information for catalyst design.A variety of ultra-high resolution electron microscopies,surface analysis,nuclear magnetic resonance,spectroscopic characterization,and synchrotron radiation-based high-resolution spectroscopies are significant approaches to investigate the active centers of catalysts.This paper reviews the development of characterization techniques for catalysts over the past 20 years and the investigation methods for structure-activity relationships,and emphatically introduces the progress of atomic scale and in situ characterization techniques,and the application of characterization techniques in research of typical catalysts such as molecular sieves,hydrogenation catalysts,reforming catalysts,PDH catalysts,and desulphurization adsorbents.It is expected to provide guidance and inspiration for researchers to better investigate the structure-activity relationship of catalysts.

关 键 词：催化剂 原位表征 构效关系 石油炼制与化工 

分 类 号：O657.99[理学—分析化学]