红外光谱表征酸碱中心在石油炼制与化工催化剂研究中的应用  

Application of Characterization of Acid-Base Sites by Infrared Spectroscopy in the Research of Petroleum Refining and Chemical Catalysts

作　　者：袁蕙 卢立军 王卅 赵文慧 邱丽美 徐广通 YUAN Hui;LU Lijun;WANG Sa;ZHAO Wenhui;QIU Limei;XU Guangtong(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process Engineering,SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司石油化工分子转化与反应工程全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第4期885-893,共9页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司项目(CLY23035,122074)基金资助。

摘　　要：石油炼制与化工领域工艺过程主要为酸催化反应,少数为碱催化反应,因此催化材料的酸性和碱性中心的全方位认识对工艺过程优化和催化剂性能提升具有重要意义,红外光谱是催化剂酸碱性的重要表征手段。简要概述了固体酸碱的基本概念以及分类,介绍了红外光谱表征催化剂酸碱中心的基本原理和优势,总结了探针分子红外光谱表征的实用经验和参考数据,结合研发实例阐述了红外光谱在炼油化工催化领域中催化剂酸性中心和碱性中心表征中的应用和支撑作用,吡啶和CO是表征酸性中心最常用的探针,在催化裂化、催化裂解、催化加氢等催化剂表征中有着广泛的应用,以吡咯和CO_(2)为代表的探针在石油化工行业催化剂碱性表征方面的应用较少。随着石油化工领域产业升级以及低碳绿色化转型发展,红外光谱表征技术的应用面临新的挑战。The process of petroleum refining and chemical industry mainly involves acid catalytic reactions,with a few alkaline catalytic reactions.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the acidic and alkaline sites of catalytic materials is of great significance for process optimization and catalyst performance improvement.Infrared spectroscopy is an important means of characterizing the acidity and alkalinity of catalysts.The basic concepts and classifications of solid acid-base systems are briefly described,introduces the basic principles and advantages of infrared spectroscopy for characterizing acid-base sites of the catalyst.The practical experience and reference data of infrared characterization by probe molecules are summarized,the application and supporting role of infrared spectroscopy in characterizing catalyst acidic and alkaline sites in the field of refining and chemical catalysis are and explained through research and development examples.Pyridine and CO are the most commonly used probes for characterizing acidic sites,and are widely applied in catalyst characterization such as catalytic cracking,catalytic pyrolysis,and catalytic hydrogenation.Probes represented by pyrrole and CO_(2) are still less commonly used in the alkaline characterization of catalysts in the petrochemical industry.With the upgrading of the petrochemical industry and the transformation towards low-carbon and green development,the application of infrared spectroscopy characterization technology is facing new challenges.

关 键 词：红外光谱 酸性中心 碱性中心 探针分子 催化材料 石油化工 

分 类 号：O657.33[理学—分析化学]