碳纤维硼催化石墨化技术综述  

Review of Boron-Catalyzed Graphitization of Carbon Fibers

作　　者：卫新宇 张文瑾 夏许露 袁培楷 陈龙威 WEI Xinyu;ZHANG Wenjin;XIA Xulu;YUAN Peikai;CHEN Longwei(Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Institute of Energy,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院等离子体物理研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230026 [3]合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第4期1051-1060,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11775270);合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院项目(19KZS206,22KZS301,22KZS304)资助。

摘　　要：碳纤维具有质轻强度高、性能优异、应用范围广泛等优点,随着科技的进步和经济的发展,应用最为广泛的T-300和T-700级别碳纤维已难以满足市场的需求。碳纤维石墨化过程是提升力学性能的必要一环,是制备性能更优碳纤维不可略去的一步。然而,传统石墨化过程的石墨化条件苛刻、能源消耗大,限制了碳纤维应用的普适性。硼催化石墨化旨在碳纤维石墨化的过程中掺杂硼原子,可有效降低石墨化的温度,加速碳纤维微观晶体结构演化的过程,提升碳纤维的性能,有望克服传统石墨化方法的劣势。为实现碳纤维的亲民化,满足各领域的需求,国内外研究者们针对硼催化石墨化进行了深入且广泛的研究。笔者从硼催化石墨化的具体过程出发,综述了硼催化石墨化中硼系催化剂的选择和硼掺杂的方法,分别对硼催化石墨化的机理与反应过程进行归纳,讨论并分析了催化石墨化温度的选择和硼催化石墨化对碳纤维性能的影响。以期为未来研发新兴的催化石墨化方法、高性能碳纤维的制备提供参考。Carbon fiber has the advantages of light mass,high strength,excellent performance,a wide range of applications.With the progress of science and technology and the development of economy,it is difficult for the most widely used T-300 and T-700 grade carbon fibers to meet the market demand.The graphitization process of carbon fiber is a necessary step to improve the mechanical properties of carbon fiber,and is also essential to prepare carbon fiber with better properties.However,the harsh graphitization conditions and large energy consumption for traditional methods limit the general applicability of carbon fiber.Boron-catalyzed graphitization aims to dope boron atoms into the graphitization process of carbon fiber,which can effectively reduce the graphitization temperature,accelerate the microcrystalline structure evolution process of carbon fiber,and thus enhance its performance.This is expected to overcome the disadvantages of traditional graphitization methods.To achieve the affordability of carbon fiber and meet the needs of various fields,domestic and foreign researchers have conducted in-depth and extensive studies on boron-catalyzed graphitization.Based on the specific process of boron-catalyzed graphitization,the selection of boron catalysts and boron doping methods are comprehensively reviewed,the mechanism and reaction process of boron-catalyzed graphitization are respectively summarized,as well as the selection of graphitization temperature and the influence of boron-catalyzed graphitization on carbon fiber performance are discussed and analyzed.It is expected to provide a reference for future research and development of the emerging catalyzed graphitization methods and high-performance carbon fiber.

关 键 词：碳纤维 催化石墨化 硼掺杂 力学性能 抗氧化 烧蚀特性 

分 类 号：TQ342.74[化学工程—化纤工业]