吸附-包埋固定化微生物修复盐渍化石油污染土壤  

Remediation of Salinized Petroleum Contaminated Soil by Adsorbed and Embedded Immobilized Microorganisms

作　　者：赵晓东 杜一[2] 于钧泷 马若君 张秀霞 吕正勇 孙明波[4] ZHAO Xiaodong;DU Yi;YU Junlong;MA Ruojun;ZHANG Xiuxia;L Zhengyong;SUN Mingbo(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;Njsoil Ecological Environment Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals,SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国石油大学(华东)环境与安全工程系,山东青岛266580 [3]南京尚土生态环境有限公司,江苏南京210000 [4]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第4期1137-1145,共9页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室开放基金项目(PPC2019021);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(22CX01004A-6)资助。

摘　　要：为克服土壤中盐对微生物降解石油烃的不利影响,实验利用生物炭(BC)吸附石油烃降解菌后,再用海藻酸钠(SA)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)包埋,制备固定化微生物,用于修复盐渍化石油污染土壤。将制备的PVA-SA-BC固定化微生物(PSBB)用于石油无机盐液体培养基中及NaCl质量分数10 g/kg的石油污染土壤中,并考察其对石油烃降解率。研究结果表明:添加PVA能显著提高固定化载体的机械性能;吸附-包埋固定化能提高微生物耐盐能力,在无机盐液体培养基中,当NaCl质量浓度由20 g/L提升至40 g/L时,添加PSBB的石油烃降解率下降9.0%,降幅小于添加游离菌(下降13.5%)和添加BC固定化微生物(下降15.6%)的培养基。且添加PSBB的无机盐液体培养基中微生物浓度最高。经过120 d的土壤修复实验,PSBB组对石油烃的降解率达到61.5%,而游离菌(FB)组和BC固定化微生物(BCB)组的石油烃降解率分别为35.3%、45.9%,这表明添加PSBB对盐渍化石油污染土壤具有显著的修复效果。To overcome the adverse effects of salinity in soil on microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons,the biochar(BC)adsorbed with petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria was further encapsulated with sodium alginate(SA)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)in the experiment to prepare immobilized microorganisms for remediation of salinized petroleum contaminated soil.The prepared PVA-SA-BC immobilized microorganisms(PSBB)were used in the petroleum inorganic salt liquid medium and the petroleum contaminated soil with NaCl mass fraction of 10 g/kg,respectively,aiming to investigate its degradation ratio of petroleum hydrocarbons.The results show that the addition of PVA has significantly improved mechanical properties of the immobilized carrier,and the adsorption-embedding immobilization can improve the salt tolerance of microorganisms;when the NaCl mass concentration in the inorganic salt liquid medium is increased from 20 g/L to 40 g/L,the degradation rate of the PSBB-added medium can be decreased by 9.0%,which is lower as compared with that caused by the addition of free bacterium(FB)(decreased by 13.5%)and BC-immobilized microorganisms(BCB)(decreased by 15.6%).Microorganisms in the inorganic salt liquid medium with PSBB possess the highest concentration.After 120 days of soil remediation,the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the PSBB-added group is up to 61.5%,while the degradation rates of petroleum hydrocarbons in the FB-and BCB-added group are 35.3%and 45.9%,respectively,indicating the significant remediation effect of PSBB on the salinized petroleum contaminated soil.

关 键 词：盐渍化石油污染土壤 聚乙烯醇 微生物 海藻酸钠 生物炭 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]